The Atlanta Journal,
Thursday, 21st August 1913.
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Not Looking for Blood, But
Seeking the Murderer of Mary Phagan, Says Hooper
FRANK DESCRIBED AS JEKYL AND HYDE BY STATE ATTORNEY
Frank A. Hooper, in Opening Speech for the Prosecution, Declares That Frank Must Have Killed Mary Phagan or Sat Nearby and Permitted a Negro to Attack Her
He Declares Conditions at Factory Were a Terrible Temptation "to a Man With Little Conscience and a Great Lust"
Scores Defense For Not Cross-Examining State's Character Witnesses
IN an eloquent speech, replete with word pictures, sometimes sarcastic, sometimes pathetic, sometimes humorous, but at all times, dramatic. Attorney Frank A. Hooper, Thursday morning opened the state's argument for the conviction of Leo M. Frank for the murder of Mary Phagan.
Mr. Hooper began his speech by declaring to the jury that the state was not seeking a verdict of guilty unless the defendant was guilty, and that the state cheerfully assumed the burden of proving him guilty." "This man," said he pointing to Frank, should not be convicted because the law is seeking a victim. We are not looking for blood. We are simply seeking to find and punish the murderer of little Mary Phagan."
Mr. Hooper scored the conditions existing at the pencil factory, called attention to the fact that after many witnesses had sworn that Frank's character was bad the defense had failed to interrogate them as to why they held to such opinions.
He described the defendant as a Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde a man who was congenial with two widely different sets of associates. Mr. Hooper declared that Jim Conley had stood like Stone Mountain in the face of the terrific bombardment directed at him by Attorney Rosser in an effort to break him down.
That effort failed, said the speaker, because Conley had, after telling many lies, eventually arrived at the truth.
Perhaps the most dramatic portion of Mr. Hooper's speech was when he said: "Give the defendant the benefit of every doubt, the circumstances show that he either killed this little girl, or sat there in his office and let the negro kill her and drag her body down the hall to the elevator and take it down to the basement. This murder took place in the metal room and it occurred while Monteen Stover was in Frank's office."
Mr. hooper reminded the jury that although Frank had sworn that he did not leave his office between 12 and 1 o'clock the Stover girl had gone there during that period and found the office empty.
"I don't believe Frank had murder in his heart when he followed Mary Phagan back into the metal room," said Mr. Hooper, "but he had in his heart the lustful passions stored up for this little girl. He was killing her when Monteen Stover came to the office."
Mr. Hooper touched upon the evidence only in a general way. He left the detailed summing up to solicitor Dorsey who will make the last argument.
At 11:15 o'clock Mr. Hooper concluded his argument, having spoken for two hours and ten minutes. For the next thirty five minutes he explained the points upon which the state would request the court to charge the jury, giving especially emphasis to what constitutes "reasonable doubt."
At 9:05 o'clock Thursday morning the court convened and immediately afterward the argument started. Attorney Frank Hooper opening for the state.
The lawyers had brought to court with them numerous law books, for reference and citation during the course of their speeches.
Deputy Sheriff Plennie Minor addressed the audience and admonished it to preserve absolute order. The deputy instructed the audience that whether the attorneys strove at wit or not. It must not laugh.
The rule regarding the witnesses having been raised, many of those whose testimony had gone into the records were present in court to hear the arguments.
HOOPER OPENS FOR STATE.
Attorney Hooper stepped to the front of the jury box and facing the jurors began his argument.
Mr. Hooper began speaking slowly and in a natural tone.
"Your honor, and you, gentlemen of
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the jury, the object of this trial is to ascertain the truth and to attain justice. I want distinctly as a representative of the prosecution in this case, to have an understanding with you at the beginning. We are not seeking a verdict of guilty unless Leo M. Frank is guilty. We want it understood that the burden of proving guilty is upon our shoulders. We recognize that we must prove his guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, and we realize that the proof must be shown by the evidence. We assume this burden cheerfully. I don't think there is one associated with the prosecution who would see a single hair of the head of this unfortunate defendant harmed wrongly. We want him tried just exactly as every other defendant is tried. We want the same justice under the same laws. He is entitled to the protection of the law just as every other citizen is.
NOT ENTITLED TO MORE.
And, on the other hand, he is not entitled to any more. He is not entitled to any more. He is not entitled on account of his position and connections to more favor than any lowly defendant. The strong arm of the law is expected to reach up to the highest to drag them down to punishment as it reaches down into the lowliest gutters to pick up weaklings and see that justice is done to them.
"Gentlemen of the jury, I am not going to go into all the facts in this case by any means. I congratulate you that the case is near an end. While you have had to do no work in this case, you have had to spend all your days listening to the evidence. You have been taken away from your families. Veritably, you have been in jail."
"It will take a little more time, and I expect you to be patient."
"There never has been a case in Georgia of more importance than this; never one more far reaching. And with that importance rises the degree of responsibility that rests upon you, and upon all others connected with this case."
"Try this case according to law, and your opinion of the evidence that is your sole duty under your oath."
NOT LOOKING FOR BLOOD.
"Now, gentlemen of the jury, I'm going to talk to you about the facts in this case, but before I begin there is one other thing I want to say. This man should not be convicted because the law may seem to be seeking a victim. We are not proceeding in this case on the theory of an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. The law does not demand that this man be found guilty. The law demands that you find out the truth in regard to this man. If the evidence does not measure up, no man has the right to ask that you bring in a verdict against him. We are not looking for blood. We are simply seeking to find the murderer of little Mary Phagan.
"On the 26th day of April let's see what the situation was. This immense factory over here on Forsyth street was being run with Mr. Montag as general manager, with this defendant as superintendent and with Mr. Darley as the general foreman."
"I am not proud of the conditions that existed there. What were those conditions? What was the moral atmosphere of the place? The character of the place itself is a thing that has a wonderful bearing on the case."
"Try this case according to law, and your opinion of the evidence that is your sole duty under your oath."
NOT LOOKING FOR BLOOD.
"Now, gentlemen of the jury, I'm going to talk to you about the facts in this case, but before I begin there is one other thing I want to say. This man should not be convicted because the law may seem to be seeking a victim. We are not proceeding in this case on the theory of an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. The law does not demand that this man be found guilty. The law demands that you find out the truth in regard to this man. If the evidence does not measure up, no man has the right to ask that you bring in a verdict against him. We are not looking for blood. We are simply seeking to find the murderer of little Mary Phagan.
"On the 26th day of April let's see what the situation was. This immense factory over here on Forsyth street was being run with Mr. Montag as general manager, with this defendant as superintendent and with Mr. Darley as the general foreman."
"I am not proud of the conditions that existed there. What were those conditions? What was the moral atmosphere of the place? The character of the place itself is a thing that has a wonderful bearing on the case."
"They have produced twenty-five girls or more who testified that the defendant's character is good. That is, to a certain extent, negative. They simple knew nothing against the man. But is his character good when we have brought girl after girl into this court who also was there and you will notice that most of them had left there from one to two years before this crime was committed and these young ladies told you that the character of this man was bad. You noticed the emphasis they put on the word bad.' Now, it is for you to choose between them, between those who are there now and who say his character is good, and those who left and say his character is bad."
LAW A LITTLE PECULIAR.
"The law is a little peculiar in regard to the introduction of character testimony. Before this trial, when we were examining the character witnesses introduced by the state, the first question we asked them was in regard to the defendant's character. We put them on notice right at the start what we wanted to find out about. Then we went into details with them in regard to particular incidents of which they had knowledge and on which they based their opinion of the defendant's character."
"Then we brought these young ladies and put them on the stand, and as you know we could ask them only certain questions and could not go into details with regard to particular incidents. But the defense had the right to go into details in regard to specific cases. They had the right to inquire of these witnesses on what grounds they hoped their opinion of the defendant's bad character. What did they do? They dismissed the witnesses without making any inquiries."
"Now that was the only legal way by when the information in regard to specific instances could be placed before you. Unless the defense asked the questions, you were shut off from this information."
ARNOLD OBJECTS TO ARGUMENT.
Attorney Arnold objected. Mr. Hooper was making what he deemed an improper argument, he said to the court. Judge Roan sustained Mr. Hooper, however.
"I repeat, gentlemen, that cross-examination by the defense was the only legal way to throw light on these incidents."
"Now, let me ask you a question: If 50 men were asked regarding the character of a certain place, and 25 of them said it was good and 25 or 15 or even 10 said it was bad; or if you were passing through a place, and asked 100 men in regard to the character of a man, and so of them told you it was good, whereas 10 of them told you to beware of that man because his character was bad under these circumstances, would you be satisfied that the character of the place was good, or that you had found a man whose good character you could rely upon?"
DEFENSE LET DOWN BARS.
"Under the law we were stopped from placing the character of this defendant in issue. But the defense laid down the bars, and we have walked in. Not only have we shown his general character, but we have shown his special character as regards his relations toward women."
"No doubt, gentlemen, the situation under which this man worked was a great temptation at least a great temptation for a man with little conscience and a great lust."
"That factory was a great place for a man of lust without conscience."
"Wasn't it a terrible place for young girls to be there with the defendant, assisted by the noble Darley and the handsome Schiff? And all of these little girls absolutely dependent upon that trio."
"The reputation of the whole place, we find, was bad."
"We find, gentlemen of the jury, the defendant coupled up with this man Dalton and what a fight his attorneys have made on Dalton!"
"It may seem strange, gentlemen, that a man who associated with bankers, business men, and who is the head of a big concern, should have sought a man like Dalton, a man with a chaingang record for company. But have you ever considered that when he was dealing with a certain side of his life, with congenial pursuits, he sought companions congenial in those pursuits?
A DR. JEKYLL AND MR. HYDE.
"You doubtless have read Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde?' This defendant, like Dr. Jekyll when the shades of night come, throws aside his mask of respectability and is transformed into a Mr. Hyde. And then he does not seek the companions of Dr. Jekyll, but like Hyde goes to a lower stratum where he picks up Dalton and his kind, and goes with them instead of with the men who have come here to give him a good character. Dalton, whom you will find a man sometimes good and sometimes bad, is congenial with the bad side of this defendant."
"Now we will come back to that factory controlled by Frank."
"He pretends he did not know this little girl. But every day, time and again, he passed by her machine."
"You will find he often stopped and helped her with her work in a kindly way. And you'll even find him following her out of the beaten path this poor little child whom her parents sent there thinking she would be safe with him. You will find him telling her that he is the superintendent of the factors and that she must listen to what he says; and you find the little girl trying to get away.
"He had cast the eye of lust upon that beautiful little girl."
HAD HIS EYE ON MARY.
"And then he started laying his foundation before he ever put his plans in operation. Several weeks before he remarked to Gantt, You seem pretty thick with little Mary?' That showed that he had his eye on her; that he was watching her enough to know that Gantt, who had known her when she was a baby, was a familiar with her. And next we find, gentlemen, that he wanted to get rid of Gantt. Just a few days before he had been bragging on his office force. And Gantt was a part of that office force. But when he cast his lustful eye upon little Mary Phagan, he began planning to get rid of Gantt. It was about $1. But, gentlemen, the dollar was not the issue. A boy came up with his pay $1 short. Then Frank laid his trap. 'I'm not going to lose a dollar,' he tells Gantt. And of course, this long-legged mountaineer says, Well, I'm not either,' All right,' says Frank. This is where we part. Mr. Gantt.'
"Consciously or unconsciously, he then was getting rid of the only man in that whole factory who would lift up his hand to protect Mary Phagan."
"Continuing with his plans, we come to Jim Conley. I don't blame the defense for pitching their fight on Conley. Conley stands like Stone Mountain. They couldn't get by him. While Conley would have left some things not perfectly clear, still we could have gotten along without him. But the defense could not get by him. They had to break him. As a result, gentlemen, you have seen the greatest fight ever enacted in a court room. I believe, between a witness and a lawyer the wiry trained mind of our stalwart friend here pitted against an ignorant negro whose only strength lay in the fact that he was telling the truth. You saw the end of that battle three and a half days after it commenced."
LIKE WHEEL IN A MILL.
"And now I want to call your attention to a point about that affair. They asked him about everything possible, you probably noticed, and then they would have the stenographic report of his answers written out and they would bring it back and ask him the whole thing over again. It was like a wheel in a mill, where the water continues to move. Mr. Rosser knew that he had to break that negro, and he laid a deep plan."
"And why didn't he break him?" It was because the negro, after all the lies he had told, eventually had arrived at the truth, and the truth is stronger than these lawyers. They never twisted him. And how they hated to give up that fight! After my Herculean friend had worn himself and his voice out, he tried to put Mr. Arnold onto him. Mr. Rosser and Mr. Arnold would tell you that he was a powerful liar before; and he was. He made his first statement. That was part of the truth. He made his second; and that was more of the truth. And he made his third statement, which was still nearer the whole truth. And on cross-examination, he told still more of the truth. If they had continued to bore into him I don't doubt that he would have told more."
FRANK A SMART MAN.
"Did you notice gentlemen, Frank's attitude during this case? That's a smart man. He didn't need to stand up before you with his papers for three hours and a half for you to see that."
"Now to get back to Conley: Jim comes back to that factory Saturday morning, April 26, at the direction of the defendant in this case. I don't think there is a specific denial Frank's statement that he ordered this negro to come back. I'll assume that there is a denial to every incriminating point."
"Now, Saturday morning, Frank was there, too. Gentlemen, do you know that providence at the last minute sometimes divulges the truth? Yesterday we found two men who saw Jim Conley in that dark hallway. Here come these two witnesses who say that they were in town that day; who say that they went into the factory, and who say that they were told by a negro who they won't say was Jim Conley, but who in that dark hallway they say looked darker than Conley."
Attorney Rosser interrupted. "Brighter," said he.
"WHO WAS IT BUT JIM?"
"I think you're wrong, but I don't care," said Mr. Hooper. "If there was a negro down there, who was it but Jim? It was one who knew all about the factory, who knew where the office was. It so happened that Mrs. White saw him. She doesn't identify him positively as Conley. She doesn't identify him as I could a man to whom I had been introduced, nor as I could identify you, gentlemen, after looking at your faces three weeks. But she says he looked like the negro she saw. He was there waiting to do the same thing he had gone before: watch for his boss."
"It is said that the negro was drunk. But didn't he tell you every one who went up and came down those stairs that day? One of their witnesses on the stand gave the list of these who went up and came down. And it was the same that Conley gave."
"Now, gentlemen, we come up to the time of the tragedy."
"Jim is still there. All these parties have come and gone. The only complete history of how they came and went is from Conley."
"About Mary Phagan: She had been told that she would have to come after her money. A little friend tried to get it Friday for her, and it was refused by Frank. That was contrary to the rules. Schiff himself on the stand said that they didn't always pay off money to the person it was meant for, if they knew who came after it. But you find, gentlemen, that this man who fired Gantt said, No, you can't have the money.' And so Mary Phagan had to come for it."
"Then he told Conley that he had work for him. And it turned out to be the same work Conley had done before."
FRANK USED WORD "CHAT".
"I don't know whether you noticed it or not, gentlemen, but in his statement Frank used the word chat' repeatedly. Jim used it, too, on the stand, in quoting Frank."
"Now, when Jim finally comes he sits down in the hall. He is observing all who come in but he says nothing."
"Then Mary Phagan comes a beautiful girl. She must have been beautiful, from the description of her. She came with an engagement to get that $1.20. Without knowing the horrible death that awaited her, she went blithely to the factory where sat the superintendent, the defendant in this case. And since that day not a word has come from her lips. But without those words we can picture the harrowing, the cruel, death that she suffered."
DEAD GIRL'S MOTHER WEEPS.
Mrs. J. W. Coleman, mother of Mary Phagan, seated at the table by the prosecution lawyer, sobbed softly and inconspicuously.
"Mary Phagan got there shortly after 12 o'clock. My Brother Dorsey will show you the exact time. I'm not going into the figures. She went into that factory about 12 o'clock. And she went into that office where the superintendent sat. He corroborates that. We get that statement from his own lips.
"Frank was there in his office from 12 to 1 o'clock, according to the statement he first made. At the time he made that statement he thought it would suffice, he thought it would account satisfactorily for all of his movements."
FRANK OUT OF HIS OFFICE.
"Then came a person who came there to his office between 12 and 1 o'clock to look for him, and didn't him there. Miss Monteen Stover testified that she went to his office, and he was not there, and she waited around five minutes or more. But Frank, in making his first statement, didn't know that this little girl had been there. So he said he was in his office all the time from 12 to 1 o'clock.
"Now, at this late day, for the first time the public has ever heard him state it, he admits that he might have gone out that he ight have gone to the toilet. Why didn't he make that statement at first? He didn't know Monteen Stover had been there! He didn't know that while he was back there in the metal room killing that poor little girl, Monteen Stover was in his office waiting for him.
"You don't have to depend on Jim's testimony to know that Monteen was in his office. You don't have to depend on this negro Jim Conley, who was so drunk that morning he couldn't stand up, and yet who afterward told readily and correctly the name of every person who went up that stairway, and the order in which they went up , and the order in which they came down, and whose testimony on this point was corroborated by the defense's own witnesses."
"Then Jim heard two steps going back. It sounded like one person was going back to the metal room, and was followed immediately afterward by another person. Then in a few moments he heard steps running from the metal room toward the office at the front. Leo was to give the signal to Jim below. But it was no time for signals then. When Frank followed that little girl back to the metal room he doubtless did not know that force would be necessary. In fairness to him, I will say that I don't believe that he had murder in his heart at that moment. But he had in his heart the lustful passions stored up for this little girl.
"THEN CAME THE SCREAM."
"Then came the scream, and I wish you could imagine the sort of a scream it was. The negro illy describes it by saying it was like a laugh at first, and then like a choke followed by a scream."
Attorney Rosser interrupted. "There was not one word in Jim Conley's testimony about any laughter."
Attorney Hooper: "Well, we'll say he didn't hear the laughter, then. He heard a scream, and I suppose you won't dispute that."
"But he didn't go up. He was under orders. He was waiting for his signal, and the scream didn't mean for him to come."
"Then the interval. And Jim heard the footsteps tiptoeing back to the office Frank coming back to get the cord."
"This little girl was chaste before she went to the factory that day. But according to Dr. Harris' testimony violence was done to her before she died. And it was done there in the metal room on the second floor."
"Then Jim got the signal. He got both signals, the signal to lock the door and the signal to come upstairs. He found Frank at the top of the stairs, shaking like an aspen leaf.
GIRL SLAIN METAL ROOM.
"Gentlemen of the jury, that little girl was slain in that metal room. Can you doubt it from the evidence?"
"This negro tells you that Frank did it. This man Frank, this man of high character, tells you that he did not do it. He tells you that he was at work on that wonderful finance sheet."
"I'll show you, gentlemen of the jury, by this diagram or I could have shown you by the model if it had survived the little altercation in the press room that Frank either did this crime or that he was obliged to have heard the negro if he assaulted the girl. Do you believe he sat supinely by and let the negro assault the girl and kill her?"
FIGHT OVER LITTLE RED LINE.
"I want to show you something," Mr. Hooper had the sheriff set the diagram on the railing in front of the jury. "Do you see this red line running back from the office to the metal room? We've had to fight the lawyers for the defense all through this case over this little red line. And, why? Because this little red line. And, why? Because this little red line shows that Frank, where he sat at his desk, could see back toward the metal room down that long hallway. He didn't lean back as he sat at his desk, but he leaned forward. You know he leaned forward at his desk because he tells you himself that he is a wonderfully hard working man. This little red line is drawn from the spot where his head would be as he sat at his desk, back down the hallway to the metal room."
"Giving him the benefit of every doubt, the circumstances all show that either he killed this girl or else that he sat there and let the negro kill her and drag her body down the hall to the elevator and take it down into the basement without ever raising his hand."
"Remember, now, this elevator, according to the defense, made so much noise that it could be heard all over the factory, and the vibration of it shook that great big four-story building."
"Gentlemen of the jury, this murder took place there in the metal room while Monteen Stover was in Frank's office."
HAD TO GET RID OF MRS. WHITE.
"As soon as the murder was done, there was something up on the fourth floor that had to be attended to. There was a woman on the fourth floor who had to be gotten rid of. It was dangerous for her to be in the building. The body was back there on the floor in the metal room. The woman had to be gotten out, and the body had to be disposed of."
"I reckon Jim can tell you the truth Frank going upstairs, if he is corroborated by three witnesses."
Attorney Rosser interrupted. "Jim didn't say a word about Frank going up to the fourth floor."
Attorney Hooper: "He said Frank went out of the office and tiptoed upstairs."
"Yes gentlemen, according to his own admission he went upstairs and told this woman that she'd have to get out of the building or else be locked up in there for hours."
"And then he hurried back to the office. Why?"
"He went back there so that if the woman passed by on her way downstairs and looked into the office, she would see him at his desk, at work."
WASHING HIS HANDS.
"He was beginning to realize then what he had done to the poor child. And he was washing his hands with imaginary water as his friends would make you believe he always is doing."
"Then, gentlemen, he made a statement which to the situation was like a key to a vault. It unlocked the whole matter. Why should I hang? I have wealthy people in Brooklyn.' That was the thought on his mind. It shows the appreciation that he placed on that girl's life. Was it much harm to get rid of her? Was it much harm to wind the cord around that tender young neck a thing I can't conceive of a human being cruel enough to do? Yet all that seemed not to impress him. The thought uppermost in his mind was, Is it possible that I, with wealthy connections, will hang for a little thing like this?' They deny that he made that statement. And he denies it. But it is much easier to deny a statement than it would have been for Jim Conley to invent it."
"Did Jim know that he balanced money against her life?"
"Then we have a statement just as appropriate from the land of Africa. What's to become of me?' asked Jim. That's all right.' Was the reply, I'll write a letter to my mother in Brooklyn, and tell her that you are a good boy, and she'll give a good job.'
"I wonder, gentlemen, if the lady who has sat so faithfully through this trial ever got that letter."
"He said that Jim was a good negro. Yes, Jim was a good negro to his mind for his purpose, as he had stood guard when Frank committed crime after crime and then when he committed murder."
Attorney Rosser objected. He contended that Mr. Hooper was taking statements from Jim's affidavit and not from his testimony on the stand.
"Well, if these gentlemen had been kind enough to furnish me with copies of his statement on the stand I wouldn't have been mixed up. But by sticking to the old I won't get far from the new anyway."
FALSE TO EVERYBODY.
"Then he asked Jim, can you write?' Why did he ask that question when day after day he had been receiving requisitions in Jim's wonderful hand? At that time, gentleman. Jim was not on guard, as he was in his fight with Mr. Rosser. Then he was dealing with his boss, with that boss who has been false to him as he has been to everybody else, he was false to Newt Lee when he pointed the finger of suspicion at Lee by planting that bloody shirt in the negro's home."
"I ask you what object the negro Conley could possibly have had in planting these notes by the girl's body. You know these negroes. You know their traits. Would one of them have done a thing like that? Would you believe a thing like that? Would you believe that a man with no more sense than to put those notes saying that a negro committed the crime, by the body, could have withstood the great Luther Rosser for three and a half days and come out victor? The idea that Jim would have put those notes in the same hand, specimens of which he knew were upstairs in his boss' office that he would have said the crime was committed by a negro is absurd? If Jim had, done that he would have been a fool. Really, I think that this the only point where Frank himself lost his head."
PROMISED CONLEY MONEY.
"Then Frank promised money to the negro. And he gave him a wad, saying it was $200, and it looked so big to Jim that of course he took it without counting it. Then an idea struck Frank. What am I giving this fool $200 for?' he asked himself. He's in this as deep as I am, almost, and I have his mouth closed by stronger chains than memory.' The business man that went into the details that Frank discussed before you the other day, gentlemen, is under no circumstances however harrowing going to let $200 get out of his hands if he can help it. And so Frank took the money back from the negro, but his conscience made him give Jim a cigarette box containing a pitiful sum of money."
PLANNED TO BURN BODY.
"Then he started planning to dispose of the body, and he told Jim to come back that afternoon and meet him there at a certain hour and that they would burn the body. My friends of the defense have suggested many ways in which the body could have gone down into the basement. They tried two ways in particular, and when we broke these theories down and showed that the body couldn't have been carried that way they came back to the first."
"It would be asking very little more of Jim to come back and burn the body as the crime of concealing the murder was just as great."
"So he told Jim to meet him that afternoon. He expected no one except Lee. I don't care anything about the time he reached the house and the time he left. But he got back to the factory at 3 o'clock. He had an engagement there to burn that child's body, and he knew that only one persons besides Conley was expected. Do you remember, gentlemen, the battle of Waterloo, when Napoleon kept saying. Which will come first, Blucher or Ney?' And Blucher came, and Napoleon was lost."
"This defendant was in the same fix about Conley and Lee. It turned out that Lee came first, and the defendant was lost. He said to Lee: Newt, I don't need you now, so go out and have a good time and stay till 6 o'clock.' That gave him a chance, he thought to get Jim Conley to burn the body. But Jim was asleep, having drunk many beers; and Jim didn't come back. And Lee did.
SENT LEE AWAY.
"It wasn't Newt Lee he wanted back. It was Conley. Give me two hours,' he said to himself. So he sent this man away. But the two hours were not enough. Jim never came back. When honest Newt finally came back, he had a talk with him about night week, and then he went out. Now I want to call your attention to this Gantt. When Frank was leaving he saw Gantt. Gantt was talking to Newt Lee. And when he saw them to jumped. Both of them tell you that. Was it because he was afraid of Gantt? No. Why Gantt wouldn't hurt a flea. It was because Gantt liver near Mary and knew her from childhood and would protect her. Then Gantt speaks to him in a way that relieves his mind. He said he wanted to get some shoes that he left there when Frank fired him. But this defendant doesn't want Gantt to go in. There's something down there in that basement that won't bear his sight. So he says I saw a negro sweeping up your shoes the other day.' Was this a lie, gentlemen, or was it the truth? Gantt said, Well, I've got two pairs in there. And Frank decide he's not to let him go in. I can't afford to arouse your suspicions,' he says. Mary will be missed in a day or two.') And he knew that then there would be a hunt on. So he let Gantt go in like a thief, guarded by negro. And the remarkable thing is, gentlemen, that both pairs of shoes were just where Gantt said he had left them.
"After that, was there anything ordinary in this defendant's conduct? No. He went home and telephoned to ask for Gantt. He couldn't get Newt Lee the first time so he tried again. And when he found that Gantt was gone, the burden was lifted. Oh, yes, after that he could sit in the hall with his wife, and a card game with jokes. But he wasn't quiet all night. He heard the telephone ringing, he says, but he couldn't wake up. That faithful Newt had discovered the little girl's body in the basement, and he had notified the police and him or tried to. And he said he never heard the telephone but faintly. Now there is no suspicion of Newt. He has been turned loose. Frank didn't hear that call, gentlemen. But the police did hear it."
"They took the body to the undertaker's, and in the morning they tried to get Frank again. They got him over the telephone this time. And the detectives act better than they make witnesses. My friend Starnes looked like he was mixed up awfully when he was on the stand, but he remembered everything that occurred. He remembered calling Frank that morning. So they went out to get him, and even before he was suspected he showed unmistakable signs of nervousness. He has faced you three and a half weeks later, and he is as calm and cool as any man in this court house. That morning he was as nervous as a cat. When he sat in the lap of a passenger in the automobile, he was trembling. He went to the undertakers to identify the corpse of the little girl whom he had looked on with lustful eye. And when he got there he never even paid her the respect that every other friend who went there did. He never looked on her body, gentlemen. He went on into another room, without stopping to look into a room he knew nothing about; and when they asked him if he knew her, he said no. He said he didn't know this little girl whom he'd seen and passed half a dozen times every day in the factory."
ROSSER INTERRUPTS.
Mr. Rosser interrupted: "Frank did not say he didn't know her," said Mr. Rosser.
Attorney Hooper: "Well, he said he would go to the factory and look on the books and see if she worked there?"
Mr. Rosser: "That's right that's right."
Attorney Hooper: "All this, mind you, after he had talked to her in the factory and called her Mary.' All this, after he had discharged Gantt because Gantt knew her. Did that look like an honest man? And he left as quick as he could and went home.
"Another thing, gentlemen."
At this point Mr. Hooper asked Mr. Dorsey for the time slips taken from the factory clock.
"They took Frank back to the factory, and it got into his mind that the best thing he could do was to look at that clock. He wanted to look at that clock and see if honest Newt Lee had done his work all right. And when he opened the clock and took out the time slip, he said in the presence of a crowd that Newt Lee had done his work all right."
"Another witness looked over his shoulder and said it was all right. And Darley said he overlooked it, too. And Frank said, Now that clears Newt. Whatever may come, Newt, you're not guilty.' But it next occurred to him that something must be done about Newt. Why didn't he let the clock alone, he reasoned with himself. So the next morning another slip appears. It comes from his right hand man Holloway. There are two slips in it. Frank says he made a mistake in the slip. Then he casts suspicion on Newt Lee. Newt had time to go home, he said, and come back. He dropped this, and John Black caught on to it and went out to Newt Lee's house."
BLOODY SHIRT A "PLANT."
Mr. Hooper held up the bloody shirt found at Lee's house.
"And Black found this shirt, gentlemen. He found it down in the bottom of a trash barrel, wet with blood. How did it get in there? Did you notice, gentlemen, in Frank's statements, how minutely he went into his actions on Sunday? He skipped hardly fifteen minutes. Why was that? He wasn't so particular about filling in the time on Friday. Gentlemen, somebody had to plant a shirt at Newt Lee's house. Somebody did it. I don't know whether this defendant did it alone, but he had to put it up there if he was going to make Newt Lee the goat. Now, this is not an ordinary shirt. It is a home-made shirt. When they took it to Lee he said, "That may be my shirt. I had a woman out in East Point who made me some ones. If that's a home-made shirt, it's mine, but if it's a store-bought shirt it's not." And it was found that it was a machine-made shirt. When it was found at the bottom of this barrel, the detectives found something that you have never seen before. There was a shirt bloody on the inside and the outside, and the blood hadn't soaked through. It could mean only one thing. That shirt was wadded up and wiped in blood. The shirt had no odor, no smell of the negro. It's only smell was that of blood."
"Remember, please, that that morning this defendant brought in a false time slip which he had all day Sunday to make, and said, I was mistaken about that first slip being right."
"He wanted to have that poor negro hung in order that he might go free. The Bible says: What will not a man do for his own life?' Frank was willing to hang this poor innocent negro, Newt Lee, in order that his own liberties might continue."
"Then somehow, Gantt was suspected and he got arrested, but pretty soon they turned him loose."
CONLEY A LAST RESORT.
"Yet in all this time Frank had never directed suspicion toward Conley, his accomplice and this partner. Conley, you will remember got caught by accident when he was washing up his shirt to go to the inquest. Frank held Conley back until the Newt Lee scheme fell through, and until they had turned Gantt loose. And then, as a last resort, the defense pitched their whole attack on Conley."
"Now, there's one other thing that I want to allude to. They've brought in here this great big stick and this little slip of paper. These things were found weeks after murder, by smart, shrewd, Pinkerton's detectives, who can find anything you want em to find. They found this little slip of paper and this big stick after that whole place had been searched over, inch by inch. Unfortunately, though, they showed the little envelope to Mary Phagan's stepfather. And then what happened?"
"Mr. Coleman said: This won't do. Mary got $1.29 that Saturday, and this envelope showed the figure 5. That's got no business there.' So then they rubbed the 2 off. There's no proof that stains on this club are blood, and even if there was, all the expert testimony is to the effect that she was not struck with a club at all. No, gentlemen of the jury, this club and this envelope are along the same line as the plant of that bloody shirt in the barrel back of Newt Lee's home.
TAKES UP MINCEY'S AFFIDAVIT.
"Not only that, but there was a fellow named Mincey that figured very conspicuously in this case before the trial began. You remember that my brother Rosser examined Jim very closely about the main Mincey. He had read what purported to be the report of a conversation between Jim Conley and this man Mincey. And although Jim denied at the outset that he ever had seen such a man. Mr. Rosser read to him every line of the affidavit and made him deny it in detail."
"That was done as you all understand. I suppose, for the purpose of laying the foundation to impeach Jim Conley."
"My recollection is that Mincey already had been sworn along with that crowd of witnesses, so they were just waiting for him to testify."
"WHERE IS MINCEY NOW?"
"All right," resumed Attorney Hooper. "Then he wasn't sworn. But the point is, where is Mincey how? It first looked like the whole fight in this case would hinge on Mincey's affidavit. Yet we've heard not one word from him since the trial started, except during. Attorney Rosser's cross-examination of Jim Conley, Mincey's gone. And they've got nothing left but this old stick and this little piece of paper, which they claim was Mary Phagan's pay envelope."
"Now, gentlemen, I'm not going any further. This has been a long, tedious case and you, all are tired. I have undertaken to outline as briefly as I could the state's case. I thank you for your attention."
Mr. Hooper finished at 11:15 o'clock.
The jury was excused for a short recess, and while they are gone Solicitor Dorsey and Attorney Hooper busied themselves in assembling the authorities on which they would ask the judge to charge the jury, the defense being entitled to know in advance just what these authorities would be.
CHART OF EVIDENCE.
At this point a large frame with cardboard mailed on it and wrapped up in a piece of paper was brought into the court room, and Attorney Arnold explained that it was a synopsis in chart form of the evidence in the case, which he would use in his argument to the jury. Attorney Rosser approached the press table and stated that Attorney Arnold would go into the case in detail from first to last, and that he Mr. Rosser, would do the "heavy rowing."
When the jury was brought back, Attorney Hooper began to cite the state's authorities among the propositions submitted being the following: that the character of the defendant is not admissible except it be put in issue by the defendant himself, and when this done that the prosecution is entitled to show that his character is bad.
That the theory of giving the defendant the benefit of every reasonable doubt had its origin in the old English common law, which denied the defendant's counsel the right to argue in his behalf.
Then followed a number of authorities defining the term "reasonable doubt;" that reasonable doubt is not a vague conjecture or a guess that the defendant may not be guilty; that it is not a doubt which might be conjured up to acquit a friend, that it is not a doubt to be conjured up by an ever-sensitive conscience.
REASONABLE DOUBT EXPLAINED.
Other propositions submitted were that it is not the rule of law that the jury must acquit in all cases of doubt, but that the doubt must be so solemn and so substantial as to produce in the jury's mind a grave uncertainty.
That if circumstantial evidence satisfied the mind, then it is equivalent to positive evidence.
That a juror is not at liberty to disbelieve as a juror what he would believe as a man. "In other words," explained Attorney Hooper, "you are not called on to lose your common sense but you are called on to use your common sense."
That to acquit on fanciful suppositions is a virtual disregard of the furor's oath.
That a reasonable doubt. In order to justify acquittal, should be such as a juror would hesitate to act on in the most important business affairs of his private life.
That absolute certainty is not attainable by means of circumstantial evidence but that the jury is justified in setting on that high degree of moral certainty which satisfies their conscience.
That it is not proper for a judge to charge the jury that circumstantial evidence is inferior to direct evidence.
That the comparison of circumstantial evidence to the strands of a rope is a better comparison that a comparison to the links in a chain.
Mr. Hooper cited several authorities relative to the value of character evidence, and the right of onside to rebut character evidence. He laid special stress on the law dealing with character evidence which says that specific instances can be brought out only on cross-examination.
He quoted the law which declares that the jury must not consider opinions expressed by attorneys.
At 11:50 o'clock, Mr. Hooper concluded. Attorney Arnold called for the factory model to be brought into court.
Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Coleman, stepfather and mother of Mary Phagan, left the court.
PAGE 1
Religious Prejudice Back
of Frank's Prosecution,
Declares Reuben Arnold
NOT ENOUGH FACTS
TO WARRANT TRIAL
ASSERTS ATTORNEY
So Declares Reuben R. Arnold
in His Opening Remarks to
the Jury-he Tells Jury That
the Noise of a Few Sap-
heads in the Street Doesn't
Make Public Opinion
Mr. Arnold Stores Third-De-
gree Evidence, Quoting From
Recent Decision by Court of
Appeals and Declaring. It
Applies to Frank Case - His
Speech Interrupted by Recess
When court adjourned for lunch Thursday, Attorney Reuben R. Arnold, for the defense, had just finished laying the foundation for his speech to the jury.
A wonderfully persuasive and convincing speaker, Mr. Arnold was perhaps never more effective during his whole brilliant career than in these opening remarks.
He spoke deliberately, choosing his words, pausing for emphasis, and the gestures of a master actor could not have been more dramatic.
His tall form enabling him to see and be seen from every corner of the courtroom, the peculiar resonant quality of his voice rising high above all other sounds, he caught and held the attention of spectators and jury alike with the magic of his eloquence.
He started by picturing the jury as set above and apart from the public, sequestered, guarded, reading, no papers and hearing nothing if the public discussion of the trial. In order that they may impartiality weigh the evidence and make up their verdict without bias or prejudice.
Then, turning to address the courtroom rather than the jury, Attorney Arnold excoriated the "long-tongued, loud-talking sapheads who immediately conclude that a man is guilty the moment the finger of suspicion is directed towards him."
Using George Kendley, the streetcar conductor, as an example, he denounced those who would punish the defendant "for no other reason that that he is a Jew." He declared that if Frank had not been a Jew he never would have been prosecuted.
He paid his respects to the jury by saying they are "way above" the average. "I'm not saying this to flatter," said he, " I reckon I have tried cases before a thousand juries, and I'm telling you the simple truth."
Using a recent decision of the court of appeals with deadly effect. Attorney
(Continued On Page4, Col. 1.)
PAGE 4
NOT ENOUGH FACTS TO WARRANT
TRIAL, ASSERTS ATTORNEY ARNOLD
(Continued From Page 1.)
Arnold then paid his respects to testimony obtained by "third degree" methods.
He had just promised the jury, when recess was taken, to show them the "greatest frame-up ever concocted against an innocent man."
Attorney Arnold commenced his speech by saying:
"We are all to be congratulated because this case is drawing to a close. We have all suffered by having to try this in a heated season, a case where time, effort and concentration was needed. We have suffered because of inadequate quarters. And we know that it is hard to give a case the proper consideration when we are so cramped and uncomfortable. We all have sympathized with you gentlemen in your isolation from your families, it is a part of the jury system which was carried out. If juries were allowed to go and mix with the people, it would be impossible for them to separate the evidence which they heard in court from the things which they heard on the streets.
"As it is , juries are, we might say, setup on a hil, where they will be away from the multitude, and where prejudices and passion cannot reach them and where they can consider a case calmly with the sole view of determining the truth."
"In the old days men were tried by judges, trained experts. But there was a desire to populate the courts of justice. As a result, part of their machinery was put in the hands of the men who come from the ranks. They are unprejudiced and unbiased, so we let them decide the facts in criminal cases, while the judge, as always, decides the law.
REFERS TO HOOPER'S SPEECH.
"My friend Hooper used a funny expression while he was speaking of law, he said that a juror is not different from anyone else on the streets who is trying to get at the truth, God grant that we get away from the streets: What's the use of having juries if we don't? Why, according to him we might as well have trials on the streets: What's the use of having juries if we don't? Why, according to him we might as well have trials on the streets, throw a man on the streets and if his friends are numerous they will save him; if not, he will be destroyed."
Mr. Hooper objected, saying that he had not used the reference to streets.
"That has been your doctrine all through this case," said Mr. Arnold, " the one that you have followed out."
"Sometimes the very nature of a crime renders it impossible to do a man charged with it justice. But time always betters that situation. Frequently I have seen the horror of a crime do the man charged with it a terrible injury. I wouldn't hesitate for a moment to say that a horrible crime has been committed, and that the perpetrator of that crime could be nothing but a hardened, callous, fiendish brute."
"But honest men, gentlemen, do not say that they will hang a person because he is charged with that crime. There are cranks to say a man is guilty just as soon as he is accused. I remember an instance which my friend, the late Charley Hill, used to tell. A prospective juror was being examined and satisfactorily answered all questions up to this point when the solicitor said: Juror look on prisoner; prisoner, look on juror.' The juror took one look and said, Judge, he's guilt.' That is the spirit of some people the spirit of some big-mouthed fellows who don't represent public sentiment. They are fellows like that man Kendley.
CONDEMS KENDLEY.
"You can look at him and see that he has a mouth like a fish. I'm condemning him, gentlemen, guardedly and because he deserves it. Fellows like Kendley remind me of the farmer with a pond. The frogs made so much noise that he contracted to sell a man a wagonload of them. The next day he drove up to the man's house with one lone frog in the wagon. This frog,' he said, has been making all the noise. I thought there were a wagonload of them?' That's the way with some big mouthed fellows who jump to conclusions without knowing anything about the facts. They are people who wouldn't grant a man's innocence if an angel in heaven came down and told them he was guiltless.
"This man Kendley said they hung two negros out at Decatur. He said he wasn't sure whether they were guilty or not, but somebody had to be hung for it. And he said that they ought to hang this man because he's a Jew. I'd rather be in Leo Frank's shoes than his. My friend Hooper says that Frank has been calm for three and a half weeks. Gentlemen, Frank has showed fortitude which he inherited from his ancestors. There are always men willing to condemn anybody at whom finger of suspicion points. Kendley is one of these men. The evidence brought him up.
RELIGIOUS PREJUDICE CHARGED.
"Leo Frank comes from a race of people that have made money. And that has made some people envious. I tell everybody, all within hearing of my votes, that if he hadn't been a Jew he never would have been prosecuted. That negro Conley has been brought into court to tell his own tale, not corroborated but prompted. I am asking my kind of people to give this man fair play. Before I'd do a Jew an injustice, I'd want my throat cut from ear to ear. This is a case that they've built up by degrees. They've got a monstrous perjurer here by the name of Conley. And they brought a man up here who before this crime nobody had ever said a word against, and asked you to believe this negro against him."
"There is always such evidence is a criminal case, and always a premonition of such evidence. After the trial was in progress two or three weeks they got a lot floaters, and they testified. In my criminal experience I have seen a lot of such witnesses. I don't know whether it's imagination that makes them do it, but there is a certain class that is always ready to offer evidence. We've got a lot in this case that shouldn't be in. It's been put in to prejudice your mind against the defendant."
"In a few minutes I'm going to compare the state's witnesses and the defense's witnesses. I'm going to show that they brought the drags of humanity, jail birds, and convicts, into this court. They have twisted every act of this defendant, misconstrued every word, tried to hasten a street car schedule, tried to show a clock, to substantiate their case.
WILL STRIP THE FACTS.
"They put up this little boy Epps to show that Mary get to town at 7 minutes after 12, and he was hardly done testifying when they started tearing that to pieces and tried to prove that the street car was ahead of time and maybe she got there earlier. I am going to try to strip the facts in this case, if God almighty will give me power. I am nearly worn out. Gentlemen, you swore at the beginning of this trial that you were not prejudiced, and as I look at your faces now, I believe it. This jury is far above the average. I say this not in flattery, gentlemen. In all my years of experience in court, though, I have never seen a jury more intelligent."
"Now let us consider the rule under which we are trying this defendant. They've sought to draw in every other thing they could against him. It is their duty to show guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. If they don't do that, you've got to turn him loose. If you think that Conley is as likely to be guilty as Frank, you've got to turn him loose. That letter is a logical theory."
READS DECISION.
At this juncture Attorney Arnold read a decision from a case in which the evidence was circumstantial and the verdict was turned down by the supreme court. It was to the effect that the horror of certain crimes frequently leads to beliefs which carried to the jury box make the jury turn in a verdict of guilty on mere suspicion.
"It is not right to judge one solely on suspicious circumstances. The detectives and the police were put on this case to get somebody. Suspicion shifted to Tom, Dick and Harry. First they held this man Gantt. Somebody said they had seen him around with the little girl that night."
Solicitor Dorsey objected. There was nothing in the evidence about that, he said.
Attorney Arnold retorted: "Well, you asked one of your officers on the stand here about that phase of the question. I think you mentioned a man named Sentell."
There was a brief discussion.
"In excitement people often turn up with things that are not true. Everybody who has had any experience with courts knows that they must discriminate when anybody comes to them with remarkable tales. In this case, Gantt was suspected. And for a long time, Newt lee was suspected. Now I don't believe that Newt is guilty, but I am not certain that he didn't find the body a long time before he notified the police. There are certain things which will never let my mind be clear on that score."
Attorney Arnold recited the incident of Newt Lee saying "That means me," when Sergeant Dobbs read "night-witch" from the note found beside the body.
WRITER OF NOTES KLLED GIRL.
"I'll never get it out of my mind that he knows something about that murder. This is one of the profoundest mysteries in criminal history. The police were baffled at every turn. One thing stood out clear, though. The man who wrote those notes killed little Mary Phagan. I don't think there is one man in a hundred who doesn't believe that. It looks like one negro wrote those notes to put suspicion on another. It is hard to tell what obscure thought was in the mind of the man who wrote them. The thing grew. They had Newt Lee in custody, and they put him through the third degree and the fourth degree."
Attorney Arnold interrupted himself. "And right here I want to call on your attention to a decision handed down by the court of appeals a day or two ago regarding the third degree."
Attorney Arnold read it to the jury. It was an arraignment of the police method of questioning prisoners in order to get confessions from them.
"How that does fit Jim Conley!" said Mr. Arnold. "Conley and the powers that made him swear! Conley was put through tortures that flourished in the Spanish inquisition chambers. And so was this negress Minola McKnight.
WICKED INVOLVE INNOCENT.
Continuing his reading of the court of appeals decision, Attorney Arnold laid particular stress on the words, "The wicked do not hesitate to involve the innocent, in order that they themselves may escape."
"My Brother Hooper said that Conley had nothing to hold him on the stand but the truth," said Attorney Arnold. "My God, he had the desire to save his own neck. What stronger motive could a man have on the stand? This whole case against Frank is base don Jim Conley's story. If the prosecution can't hobble to a conviction on that rotten crutch, then they know they will fall."
"Before I get through I'm going to show you that there was never such a frame-up against a man since God made the world than they have concocted against this defendant. And I'm not afraid to stand in my place and point to the men who had a hand in it."
PAGE 3
LAWYERS ASK SLATON
FOR ATLANTA JUDGE
Over 200 Attorneys Sign Pe-
tition for Appointment of
Local Man to Bench
A petition containing the names of over 200 members of Atlanta Bar association was presented to Governor John M. Slaton Thursday by a committee of Atlanta lawyers, asking the governor to appoint a member of the Atlanta bar to the judgeship of the fourth division of the Fulton superior court, which was created by the recent general assembly. The only qualification named in the petition is that the appointee be a man who has practiced at least three years at the Atlanta bar.
Following are the petitions presented to the governor:
To His Excellency, Honorable John M. Slaton. Governor of the State of Georgia.
We, the undersign committee, representing a large majority of the members of the Atlanta bar, hereby respectfully transmit to you resolution to appoint to the recently created fourth division of our superior court an Atlanta lawyer who was practiced at this bar sufficiently long to thoroughly identify him with it, to the end that all may know that we have in our ranks men fully capable of occupying this high and responsible position. This resolution was offered at a meeting of members of the bar at which this committee was appointed and has been signed by those members of the bar whose names are appended thereto.
We collectively make no suggestion to you as to the appointee to be named by you, feeling sure that we can safely leave this to your judgement, particularly in view of the fact that you have for many years been one of the most active members of our bar and are, therefore, intimately acquainted with the qualifications and fitness of its members.
We think it proper also to call your attention to the fact that a compliance with this request will in no wise affect the present duties or compensation of Honorable L.S. Roan, the judge of the Stone Mountain circuit, since the act of the general assembly providing for the appointment of the fourth judge of the Atlanta circuit in no wise affects the act creating the Stone Mountain circuit, which provides that the judge of that circuit might aid in the dispatch of the business of the Atlanta circuit. The act providing for the fourth judge is in all respects similar to the act of 1909 providing for the appointment of the third judge in this circuit, and no more affects Judge Roan's position or compensation than that act did.
H. N. Randolph, Paul E. Johnson, W. Carroll Latimer, Lee M. Jordan, W. J. Tilson, Philip H. Alston, Harrison Jones, Judson Moore, John A. Hynds, Van Astor Batchelor, Thomas H. Goodwin, W. H. Terrell, Winfield Jones, Albert Howell, Jr., Clifford L. Anderson, Shepard Bryan, Eugene Dodd, Victor Lamar Smith George Westmoreland, E. V. Carter, Samlue D. Hewlett, Samuel Nesbit Evins, William A. Wimbish, Robert P. Jones, Jesse M. Wood, H. M. Patty.
Whereas, a bill has been recently passed by the general assembly providing for the appointment by the governor of a fourth judge of the Atlanta circuit; and
Whereas, elevation to the branch has ever been regarded as a worthy reward for faithful, correct, and efficient service as an attorney, where to such service is united good character and judicial fitness; and
Whereas, there are among the practicing lawyers of the Atlanta bar residing in Fulton county many men as fully qualified by faithfulness of service, character and judicial fitness to hold such a position as can be found in the state.
Therefore, the undersigned members of the Atlanta bar hereby petition his excellency the governor to appoint the fourth judge of the Atlanta circuit from among the practicing lawyers of the Atlanta bar who have been residents of Fulton county for a period of at least three years.
H. N. Randolph, Samuel Nesbit Evins, Carl Hutcheson, Julian S. Chambers, F. E. Radensleban, George C. Spence, J. McSwain Woods, W. A. Fuller, Hanson W. Jones, W. G. Brantley, Jr., Harrison Jones, C. G. Battle, John T. Dennis, R. H. Himebaugh, R. F. Gilliam J. W. Weaver, Edgar Watkins, Charles Whiteford Smith, W. A. Brown, Archibald H. Davis, D. E. Ryman, W. P. Coles, Ronald Ranson, J. W. Scott, J. M. Simonton, James D. Palmer, Paul Donehoo, Charles Montgomery, Jr., Probert R. Jackson. Hamilton Douglas, Paul E. Johnson, Thomas H. Goodwin, Young N. Fraser, J. Caleb Clarke, W. J. Tilson, W. N. Hammond, E. V. Carter, George Westmoreland, Arthur Heyman, Victor Lamar Smith, Alvin L. Richards, W. W. Hood, H. C. Holbrook, C. F. Brackett, H. M. Patty, Young B. Smith, Winfield P. Jones, James T. Wright, E. R. Austin, T. J. Ripley, Shepard Bryan, Hudson Moore, R. S. Parker, Frank L. Neufville, E. Marvin Underwood, Jerome Moore, A. H. Rancker, G. S. Peck, Willis M. Everett, W. R. Tichenor, R. H. Kimball, Frank A. Doughman, W. G. Loving, Guy W. Parker, J. G. C. Bloodworth, Thomas B. Brown, W. Carroll Latimer, Charles A. Stokes, Walter A. Sims, Boyd A Sern, Daniel G. Fowle, C. J. Simmons, Jr., C. O. Webb, George Gordon, Sam Dick, William E. Arnaud, V. A. Batchelor, A. E. Wilson, R. H. Harris, Walter C. Hendrix, W. Paul Carpenter, Hughes Roberts, L. G. Fortson, E. F. Childress, E. L. Meyer, Mark Bolding, J. L. Mayson, Eugen Dickey, Clifford L. Anderson, George B. Rush, E. E. Pomeroy, A. C. Corbett, Lewis W. Thomas, William W. Wimbish, C. L. Pettigrew, John A. Hynds, James E. Warren, Harry Dodd, W. R. Brown, A. J. Orme, John W. Crenshaw, C. W. Underwood, W. J. Laney, James H. Gilbert, B. W. Tye, Elliot Cheatham, Earl Sims, J. A. Watson, Jr., Leon C. Greer, John M. Owens, Joseph A Brown, James W. Austin, Albert Kemper, J. B. McCallum, C. Y. McClellan, J. Carroll Payne, H. A. Ethridge, Carl Copeland, C. T. Ladson, J. R. .., Joseph Leavitt, Herbert A Sage, Charles F. Huppe, N. R. Turner, Albert E. Mayer, W. L. Kemp, Philip N. Jobson, E. V. Carter, Jr., W. H. Terrel, Walter McElreath, Alex Yalovitz, Hooper Alexander, E. H. Fraser, C. P. Goree, Charles D. McKiney, R. W. Crenshaw, Edgar A. Neely, R. H. Lindsey, R. L. Reynolds, T. J. Lewis, Watt Kelly, L. H. Foster, Lee M. Jordan, Albert Howell, Jr., A. C. Riley, Jr., Morris Macks, Grover Middle-Rocks, J. W. Bachman, Eugene Dodd, Hugh M. Scott, Philip H. Alston, Chas. M. Moon, Walter O. Mashburn, Max. S. Silverman, W. W. Gaines, Jas. L. Key, Samuel D. Hewlett, W. P. Bloodworth, John P. Hanson, Basil Stockbridge, C. B. Reynolds, Hilliard Spalding, H. L. Graves, Thomas H. Scott, Virgil Jones, W. E. Suttles, John Humphries, W.E. Tally, Hugh L. Luttrell, Thomas W. Connally, J. W. Henly, F. L. Dovell, Z. D. Harrison, E. A. Angler, G. N. Bynum, J. K. Jordan, Joseph W. Humphries, Hugh Howell, Brutus J. Clay, George W. Stevens, H. B. Troutman, F. E. Callaway.
PAGE5
EVERY GENERAL BILL
APPROVED BY SLATON
Chief Executive Completes
Big Task Six Hours Before
Time-Limit Expired
Shortly before 6 o'clock Wednesday afternoon Governor John M. Slaton completed his task of signing the remaining bills and joint resolutions passed at the session of the legislature just ended.
Every general bill was approved by the chief executive and many of votal interest to the state became laws automatically with the effixing of the official signature.
But one measure was disapproved by the governor, that a local resolution directing the secretary of state to grant certain lands in Chatham county, not to exceed 5,000 acres, to the trustees of the Chatham academy.
A careful perusal of this resolution showed that while it had been passed in the house, it had been read but twice in the senate and had never been voted on by the upper assembly.
For this and other potent reasons the governor determined to withhold final action on the matter until the next session of the general assembly.
PAGE 9
Both Sides Concluded Their Cases Wednesday Afternoon
Frank the Final Witness
Put on Stand By Defense;
Denies Improper Conduct
State, in Rebuttal, Puts Up City Fireman W. C. Dobbs, Who
Swears That Motorman Matthews, Three Days after the
Tragedy, Told Him That Mary Phagan Rode to Town With
George Epps and Got Off Car at Marietta and Forsyth
Streets
The introduction of evidence in the Frank trial was concluded just before court adjourned Wednesday afternoon-the twenty-fourth day that the trial has been in progress. The state, after putting up many rebuttal witnesses, announced "closed" at 4:45 o'clock, and the defense made the same announcement at 5:15 o'clock, following the examination of several sur-rebuttal witnesses. The defense closed with the defendant on the stand.
Frank declared that Will Turner, the sixteen-year-old boy, who swore he saw the defendant talking with Mary Phagan in the factory last March and that the girl was backing away at the time, had testified falsely. He also branded as absolutely false the testimony of the young women who swore that they had seen Frank going into a dressing room with Miss Rebecca Carson, the pencil factory forelady.
Frank told the jury that Miss Carson was a young woman with an unblemished reputation. As the defendant stepped from the stand and his attorneys announced that the defense had closed, Mrs. Frank, the defendant's young wife, went softly.
With the exception of Frank's second brief statement the defense introduced but five sur-rebuttal witnesses. J. M. Asher, N. E. Starr, L Y. Brent and Miss C. S. Haan, all testified that they had overheard George Kendley, the street car man, attacking Frank and expressing the opinion that he was guilty and ought to be hung. Kendley was the witness who swore that he saw Mary Phagan on Forsyth street, at Alabama, at about 12:05 on April 26.
Nathan Sinkovitz, a pawnbroker, swore that M. E. McCoy had pawned his watch with him at intervals during the last two years and that it was in pawn on April 26. McCoy on Tuesday testified that he had seen Mary Phagan on Forsyth street about 12 o'clock, April 26, and that he knew the time because a few minutes prior to that time he had consulted his watch.
Among the rebuttal witnesses called by the state Wednesday afternoon were the following:
W. C. Dobbs, a city fireman, swore that three days after the murder of Mary Phagan, W. M. Matthews, the motorman on the English avenue car line, told him Mary Phagan rode into the city on April 26 with George Epps, the newsboy, and that both left the car at Forsyth and Marietta streets.
Oxel Tillander and E. K. Graham, who went to the pencil fatory on the morning of the 26th, testified they saw a negro sitting at the foot of the staircase and that he directed them to Frank's office. They couldn't identify Conley as the negro, but said he was about the same size.
J. M. Gantt, former time keeper and shipping clerk at the factory, swore that the factory clocks were inaccurate and varied from three to five minutes every twenty-four hours.
J. W. Coleman, Mary Phagan's step father, said the pay envelope introduced by the defense , and said to have been found on the first floor near the stairs, was not the same one shown him by the Pinkerton detectives.
W. W. Rogers testified that the trap door in the rear of the factor was fastened the day after the murder and the stairs were covered with dust and cobwebs.
Ivy Jones, a negro driver, swore he saw Conley at saloon between 1 and 2 o'clock of April 26.
W. M. Matthews, the motorman of the street car on which Mary Phagan came to town, was recalled to the stand by the state.
W. C. Dobbs were in court for the purpose of identification.
"Did you ever see this man?" the solicitor asked, pointing to Dobbs. "You saw him about three days after the murder, didn't you?"
"I don't remember it."
"Didn't you tell him you saw Mary Phagan and George Epps come to town together Saturday, April 26?"
"I never told anybody that."
"Who are some of your neighbors? Do you see any of them in court?"
"No."
"Stand up. Take a good look around," directed the solicitor.
"No."
"Stand up. Take a good look around," directed the solicitor.
The witness did so.
"Look over there," said the solicitor, pointing to one end of the court room.
Attorney Arnold objected. "I object to this hunt for neighbors," said he. He was sustained by Judge Roan.
"Didn't you tell after the murder that you owed a debt of gratitude to some one connected with the defense. In this cage?"
Attorney Rosser: "I object to that question."
"No," replied the witness.
WITNESS ONCE TRIED FOR MURDER.
"How long is it since you have been tried here in this court?"
"About two years."
"Who were your lawyers at that time?"
"Moore & Branch, and Colquit & Conyers."
The solicitor's questions referred to a trial in which Matthews was the defendant on a charge of murder the deceased being a young boy who Matthews said had attacked him with other boys one evening at the terminus of his line.
On cross-examination by Mr. Rosser:
"How often have you ever spoken to me in your life?" asked Mr. Rowser.
"Two weeks ago was the first time I ever spoke to you."
"How often have you ever spoken to Mr. Arnold?"
"I never saw Mr. Arnold till I saw him court her."
"How often have you ever talked to this man?" pointing to Frank.
"I never spoke to him in my life."
NO PERSONAL INTEREST IN CASE.
"Have you any personal interest in this case?"
"No."
"The offense you were tried for was that a man assaulted you on your car and you had to kill him, wasn't it?"
"Yes, sir, on a $2,500 bond."
"You were acquitted, weren't you?"
"Yes, sir."
"You worked for the company before, and you still are at work for the company, aren't you?"
"Yes, sir."
The next witness was W. C. Dobbs. He is a member of the city fire department.
He testified that he knows Motorman Matthews, and that about three days after the murder he got on Matthews' car and rode out toward English avenue. He testified that he asked Matthews what he thought about the murder, and that Matthews said in his opinion Frank "was the man who done it."
"Wait a minute," interrupted the solicitor. "We only want you to testify about what Matthews said to you in regard to Mary Phagan being on his car."
MARY PHAGAN RODE WITH EPPS.
Continuing, Dobbs testified that Matthews told him then that Mary Phagan and George Epps came to town on his car and got off at the corner of Forsyth and Marietta streets.
Attorney Rosser asked the witness two questions.
"Are you related to Sergeant Dobbs, of the police department?"
"Yes, sir, he's my father."
"He's one of the men who's siding and testifying in this case, isn't he?"
"Yes, sir."
W. W. Rogers was recalled to the stand. He was sone of the early witnesses introduced by the state.
TRAP DOOR FASTENED.
Rogers testified that on Sunday morning, when he went to the National Pencil factory, he made an effort to come up from the cellar to the first floor by the way of the staircase in the rear of the building. He testified that the staircase was covered with dust and cobwebs which appeared not to have been swept in a long time, and that the trap door at the top of the stairway was fastened down so that he could not raise it form below. He testified that about a foot and a half from the bottom of the chute in the basement, there was a pile of shavings.
Rogers was excused, and Sergeant Dobbs was called tot eh stand. The sergeant corroborated Rogers, the latter having stated that Sergeant Dobbs was with him in the basement.
SAW NEGRO AT FACTORY.
The next witness was Oxel Tillander, one of the two men who went to Frank's office Saturday morning, April 26, in regard to the two boys who had an altercation in the factory the previous day and were sent to police station; the man who went with him being E. E. Graham.
Mr. Tillander testified that on the first floor of the factory, just inside the front door he and Mr. Graham met a negro. He testified that he asked the negro where he could find the office of the pencil factory, and that the negro told him to go upstairs and turn back to the right.
COULDN'T IDENTIFY CONLEY.
He testified that he had seen James Conley this morning, but could not be positive whether Conley was the same negro he saw in the factory, although he said according to his recollection the negro they saw in the factory was "brighter" in color than James Conley.
NOT SAME PAY ENVELOPE.
J. W. Coleman, stepfather of Mary Phagan, was called to the stand. Attorney Rosser said he had no objection to offer, but just called the court's attention to the fact that Coleman had been in the court room.
"Do you remember having conversation with a Pinkerton detective named McWorth?"
"Yes."
"Did he exhibit to you a part of a pay envelope that he claimed to have found in the factory?"
"He did."
"What figures did that have on it?"
"It had the figures 1 and -"
Then Solicitor Dorsey interrupted. "Is this the envelope?" The solicitor showed to him the envelope identified by McWorth and previously out in evidence.
"That doesn't look like it to me," said Mr. Colemen.
That witness continued that the envelope piece that he saw had a figure 1 and then a figure he couldn't make out, and then the figure 5, on it.
"What did you tell McWorth?" asked the solicitor.
"I told him that it wouldn't suit, because Mary drew $1.20 that day."
This concluded the directed examination, and there was no cross-examination.
Harry Scott, the Pinkerton detectives, was called and did not answer.
J. M. Gantt was called to the stand.
"Did you ever see Frank making out the financial sheet?" asked the solicitor.
"Yes."
"How long did it take him?"
"From an hour to an hour and a half after I had furnished to him the data."
FACTORY CLOCKS INACCURATE.
"Are the time clocks they have in the factory the ones they punch-accurate?"
"No."
"What do they vary in twenty-four hours?"
"About three to five minutes."
Attorney Rosser: "Yet you worked by it and paid the little girls by it?"
"Yes."
"That's all," said Mr. Rosser. "Wait a minute," said Mr. Dorsey.
"How often were the clocks regulated?"
"Two or three times a week."
The defense objected, and the solicitor declared that he would lay the foundation for the question and answer by his next witness, and the court held a rule in abeyance.
Herbert Schiff, who was sitting beside Frank, was told to take the stand.
"What was due Mary Phagan the week she was killed?"
"One dollar and twenty cents."
SCHIFF EXPLAINS BOOKS.
"Mr. Schiff, I want you to show where there is entered on any book the $2 White borrowed."
"It's entered on this book. It's entered as $4," said Schiff.
"Why is that?"
"I lent him $2 later in the week and put the total on the book."
"Where is any slip that Frank made out about that?"
"When we take the slips from the cash drawer we always tear them up, and I tore that one up myself after putting the total on the book."
"What does P. W.' on these books stand for?"
"Piece work," said the witness.
"You, or rather the National Pencil company, was served with a subpoena duces tecum to bring all papers with reference to the injury of this man Duffy into court. Did you bring any signed by Charlie Lee?"
"I don't remember that I did. There's no reason why Lee should have signed one."
"Is the paper that Mr. Haas produced in court the only one that you know of about that injury?"
"Yes."
"Charles Lee's handwriting is not on it, is it?"
"No."
"Is it true that you showed Lee in your office any paper signed by himself about that?"
"No."
YELLS OF PAYROLLS.
"What was the amount of the payroll in the week preceding the tragedy?"
"I don't know. It was over $1,100 I think."
"How much was left over Saturday?"
"I don't know. Probably five or six envelopes."
"The solicitor exhibited a pay envelope from the factory and asked if it was not customary to fill all pay envelopes out as that one was."
The witness said you, except that the amounts sometimes were placed in different parts of the envelope.
"From the time Gantt left the factory did you get any new time clocks?"
"No."
"How often did a man named Price come to adjust these clocks?"
"I can't say."
"How long before the tragedy was he there?"
"I don't remember."
"How long after the tragedy?"
"A short time two or three weeks."
"What did he do?"
"I think the clock was clogged by some ribbon, and he fixed that."
Attorney Rosser cross-examined the witness.
"What do you have in making out accident reports when anybody is hurt?"
"They come to the office, and the hurt is bandaged, and if it is bad enough they are sent to the hospital. If it's not too serious we make out a report right there. And if there were any witnesses, we fill out a blank, telling what they saw, and read it to them."
"Well, the original of this is it in the hands of the insurance company?" asked Mr. Rosser.
"Yes, the Travelers' Insurance company has the original."
"How much did you draw for the payroll on Friday, April 25?"
"$18 or $20, or not that much."
"What was the condition of the time clocks?"
CLOCKS REGARDED AS ACCURATE.
"We always regarded as accurate. In fact, I used to go out to them frequently at noon about the time the whistle would blow. You could hear it in there very plain, and if they weren't right I set them. You could do it easily. You just had to open a little door."
The witness was excused.
Ivy jones, a colored driver for Walker Bros., was called to the stand.
"Did you see Jim Conley on the afternoon of Saturday, April 26?"
"Yes, sir."
"What time do you estimate you left Conley?"
"A little after 2 o'clock, I guess."
Attorney Rosser cross-examined the witness.
"Conley got some beer at that saloon, didn't he?"
"Yes, sir, I bought him some."
"And he bought some, too, didn't he?"
"Yes, sir."
"You both bought some?"
"Yes, sir."
The witness was excused.
DETECTIVE SCOTT EXCUSED.
Detective Harry Scott, of the Pinkertons, was recalled to the stand.
"On Tuesday, April 29, Mr. Scott, did you search the staircase and basement of the National Pencil factory?"
Attorney Arnold objected. "It's been gone over already," said he. Judge Roan sustained him.
Pointing to the scuttle hole on the diagram, which leads from the first floor to the basement. Solicitor Dorsey asked the witness if he saw any blood spots there.
Attorney Rosser objected on the ground that the witness already had testified along that line. The solicitor changed his questions.
"Mr. Scott, when did the state first know about the club and the whip stock?"
Attorney Rosser objected. "I don't see how that's relevant," said he. "I don't care when the state found it out. We never knew Dr. Harris was going to testify, either, till he got on the stand."
JUDGE ALLOWS QUESTION.
Judge Roan overruled the objection.
Attorney Rosser said, "it to get into the record, then, if you're going to overrule it."
Judge Roan replied, "All right," and Scott answered the question.
"I personally informed you about it on July 15," said Scott, "after that I found out about it myself. I was in our office when Detective John Black came up to see it."
Attorney Rosser objected to the answer.
Solicitor Dorsey: "I want to show that the head man of the Pinkertons showed him the buggy whip stock, and never showed him the club at all."
Judge Roan, however, sustained the objection this time.
"Did you pick up any cord when you went through the basement of the pencil factory with Frank?" asked the solicitor.
"I think I did."
"Did you or Frank pick it up?"
"I'm not certain. I think I did."
"How did the detectives first get the information that Conley could write?"
"I first found out from McWorth and another of my operatives."
Attorney Rosser objected to the question and answer, but was overruled.
"Tell us what you did after you found out Conley could write?"
Attorney Rosser objected on the ground that the subject had been gone into one direct examination, and was sustained.'
"In reference to Darley, what passed in the conversation between you, Detective Black, and Frank?"
HAD FACTS ON DARLEY.
"Frank said Darley was the soul of honor. He said that Darley couldn't be responsible for a crime like that. We told him that we had the facts that Darley had associated with other girls in the factory, and that he was a married man, and that it looked mighty bad. I forget whether he said he had heard it or not."
"Was there any such terms as nothing doing' used in that conversation?"
"No, sir."
L. S. KENDRICK CALLED.
L. S. Kendrick, formerly a night watchman at the National Pencil company, was called. The first question asked by the solicitor was as to whether or not he, the witness, had ever held any conversation with Holloway in regard to him, Kendrick, swearing that Frank had never called him at night while he was night watchman.
Attorney Rosser objected, and there was a lengthy argument, and finally the solicitor passed over this matter and took another line of questions, and stated that he would submit his authorities later. If the court ruled with him, he said, he would recall Kendrick to the stand.
Kendrick stated in response to other questions by the solicitor that he was there two years or maybe more. He was asked if he had ever seen any men and women together in the office on Saturday afternoon. He had, not, he replied.
"Did you never fix a time slip so that it would show a whole night's work?"
"Yes, I fixed one, one night after the murder. I don't remember the day exactly."
Solicitor Dorsey handed to the witness a time slip which he identified as the one that he had fixed.
"How long did it take you to fix that time slip?"
"Two or three minutes."
"If the machinery was going in the factory, could you hear the elevator?"
"If the machinery was going in the factory, could you hear the elevator?"
"I should say you would not be likely to hear it on the top floor unless you were close to it."
"On the night after the murder, did you observe the stairway and the chute leading down into the basement in the rear of the building?"
"Yes, sir, they were both very dusty, and the trap door to the stairway was closed."
HAD SEEN CONLEY THERE.
"Did you ever see Conley around the first floor of the factory on Saturday afternoons?"
"Yes, sir, when I've been by there to get my money I've seen negroes down there."
"Did you ever see Conley there?"
"Yes, sir."
The witness was cross-examined by Attorney Rosser.
"The negroes were sweeping down there, weren't they?"
The witness did not make his answer very plain, but Attorney Rosser persisted and finally he admitted that they might have been sweeping.
"Who corrects the clock?"
"Sometimes I did and sometimes Holloway."
"What time did you correct it?"
"Mostly every morning."
"Were you ever on the fourth floor when the machinery was shut down and the elevator was running?"
"Yes, sir."
"When?"
"I don't remember the date."
VERA EPPS TESTIFIES.
Vera Epps, aged eleven years, was the next witness. Although brought in as a state witness, she practically corroborated the statement by John Minar, a Georgian reporter, relative to his visit to the Epps home the Sunday after the tragedy.
Vera said that she told the reporter that she saw Mary on the Thursday preceding the last time, but said she did not know whether or not her brother George heard her say that. She said that George had nothing to say to the reporter about having seen Mary Saturday. In that she corroborated George Epps, her brother.
SAW DALTON ENTER FACTORY.
C. D. Maynard was the next witness. He said he knew C. R. Dalton, and that on one Saturday afternoon in June or July, 1912, he saw Dalton going into the National Pencil factory with a woman. He described the woman as weighing about 125 pounds. He did not remember her will. The hour was between 1:30 and 2 o'clock in the afternoon. The witness described himself as a salesman for the Truitt company.
On cross-examination, Attorney Rosser asked him merely if he spoke to Dalton when he saw him entering the factory. The witness replied that he did not.
Conductor W. P. Hollis, of the trolley company, was called.
"Do you remember having a conversation with J. D. Reed on April 28 relative to the murder?"
The witness said he did not.
"You swore when you were on the stand before that you did not remember seeing Epps on the car, didn't you?"
"Yes."
J. D. Reed, of Kirkwood, was called in, and Hollis and Reed often had ridden on his car. Hollis was not cross-examined and Reed took the stand.
Replying to the solicitor's questions, he said that on Monday after the tragedy coming to town on Hollis' car they got to talking about the murder, and Hollis said it made him feel mighty bad to think he brought the little girl on her last trip. Hollis told him, the witness swore that Mary was talking to a little boy whom he afterwards learned was her sweetheart. George Epps.
The witness was excused without cross-examination, and Detective J. N. Starnes took the stand again.
Detective Starnes testified that he examined the area around the scuttle hole on the first floor of the factory and that he found no blood spots. Other questions which the solicitor asked him were objected to because the defense claimed they were merely repetitions.
MINOLA MCKNIGHT'S ARREST.
"Then tell us about Minola McKnight's arrest," said the solicitor.
Starnes, talking slowly without interruption, said "Campbell and I were at the solicitor's office, where Minola had brought by a bailiff. We have information that she had valuable evidence which she wouldn't give us, and we placed her under arrest, turning her over to a wagon man. We did not see her until the next day, when we called Messrs. Pickett and Craven down and asked them to interview here. When they were in the room, I asked her whether she would rather talk to them by themselves, and she said yes, and we left the room. We didn't go back until we were called. Then I told her that all we wanted was the truth, and that we did not want her to say anything that was not the truth.
"Craven had started taking her statement in long hand, but we called in Stenographer February. While she was making her statement, I saw Attorney Gordon and told him that if he wanted to we would be glad from him to come in and hear her make the statement. When he got there, February had part of the statement down, and we had him read it over for the benefit of Gordon. When it was finished, February took it out and wrote the statement on the typewriter, in the presence of Crave, Pickett, Campbell, Attorney Gordon, Albert McKnight, and myself, the statement was read to Minola and she said it was correct and signed it. I don't remember Attorney Gordon making any demand on us, except for information about her."
DORSEY DIDN'T ORDER ARREST.
Solicitor Dorsey: "Did I order or authorize her arrest?"
"You did not," said Mr. Starnes.
"Did I direct you when to turn here loose?"
"No. You said for me to exercise my own discretion."
Attorney Rosser cross-examined the witness.
A STORMY EXAMINATION.
Attorney Rosser went after the witness vigorously, to elicit admissions that Minola McKnight had been coerced into making the affidavit. The cross-examination was rather stormy, and was marked by minor clashes between the attorneys.
"When you arrested Minola McKnight, you did it because she didn't make the kind of statement you wanted, didn't you?" demanded Mr. Rosser. "I want to know what excuse you had for locking her up."
"Well, we were working on this murder case ".
"I don't want to know that," said Mr. Rosser.
Mr. Dorsey: "I submit, your honor, that the witness ought to have time to answer."
"I withdraw that question," said Mr. Rosser. "What authority did you have for locking em up whether you have the right to or not?"
"I did it for the best interests of the case I was working on."
"You arrested her in Solicitor Dorsey's office, didn't you?"
"I arrested her on the sidewalk in Central avenue after she had walked out of the solicitor's office."
"She was screaming and hollering in Dorsey's office, wasn't she?"
"No, sir, I don't think she was. We arrested her on the street and then put her in the patrol wagon to send her to the police station. She started in screaming then."
NOT IN DORSEY'S OFFICE.
"Are you sure you didn't arrest her in Dorsey's office? Where did you call the Black Maria' from?"
"My recollection is that we called the wagon from Corrigan's office."
"Well, that's right across the hall from the solicitor's office, isn't it?"
"Yes, sir."
There followed numerous questions and interruptions and objections and arguments. Sometimes two or three talking at once. Finally Attorney Rosser asked: "Solicitor Dorsey didn't disapprove of arrested this woman, did he? He didn't say: Mr. Starnes, this is a violation of the law. Don't lock her up.' He didn't say that, did he?"
"I don't think so."
"Well, now after she had been in jail twenty-four hours, you went to her and asked her if she'd rather make a statement to you than to these gentlemen that work at Beck & Gregg's, didn't you?"
"We waited outside till she was ready to make the statement."
"You had, no warrant for the arrest of this woman?"
"No."
"You had no charge of a crime against her?"
"No crime. My purpose was to get the truth, whatever it was. I said to her: Minola, if it ain't the truth, we don't want you to tell it. We only want to get the truth of this thing."
"Didn't you say you telephoned Dorsey about turning her loose after she made her statement?"
"I don't remember now whether I telephoned him about that or not."
The jury left the court for a brief recess.
Attorney Rosser continued the cross-examination after court resumed.
PHONED TO DORSEY.
"Didn't you say you telephoned twice to Dorsey, Starnes?"
"My recollection is that I phoned him that Minola had made a statement, and also told him then that George Gordon, her attorney, was coming up to see him."
"What did he want to see Dorsey for. If the solicitor had nothing to do with holding her? What did you want with his permission if he had nothing to do with the case?"
"He was associated with the state to finding the murderer. I didn't want to act without his advice."
"What did you say in your second telephone conversation?"
"As I recollect it, he called me the second time. He told me that if the chief was willing, he didn't see any reason why we shouldn't turn the woman loose."
Starnes then was excused from the stand.
STATE TENDERS DOCUMENTS.
The documentary evidence tendered by the state was as follows: Portions of the testimony of Miss Hattie Hall before the coroner's inquest; affidavit of Wade Campbell; parts of the Minola McKnight affidavit; bloody shirt found in barrel at Newt Lee's house; report from the pencil factory to the liability insurance company, on the injury of J. E. Duffy; affidavit made by Lemmie Quinn to the solicitor; portions of Lemmie Quinn's testimony to the coroner's inquest; record of the proceedings to transfer James Conley from the Fulton county jail to the police station; photograph of Frank's handwriting identified by his mother; bottle containing cabbage taken from Mary Phagan's stomach; a piece of envelope found by Barrett under machine on the second floor; portion of E. F. Holloway's signed statement to the solicitor; portions of the testimony of Emil Selig before the coroner's inquest; portions of the testimony of Mrs. Emil Selig before the coroner's inquest; portions of the testimony of Mrs. Emil Selig before the coroner's inquest.
At 4:45 o'clock Solicitor Dorsey announced to the court that the state had closed its case.
FIRST SUR-REBUTTAL WITNESS.
T.Y. Brent, employed by the defense as a subpoena server, was called by Mr. Arnold as his first witness in sur-rebuttal. Witness testified that he knew George Kendley, the street car man who on Tuesday testified that he saw Mary at noon on the day of the tragedy. The witness said he had heard Kendley express his feelings in the case while he was riding on the car with him to Fort McPherson. He said that Kendley was very bitter toward Frank, and that he (Kendley) said he felt about this case like he did about the case of two negroes hanged in Decatur. He said he didn't know whether or not they were guilty, but that some negroes had to hang for the murder of a street car man.
On cross-examination, the solicitor asked: "Are you the Brent that lives at 4 Williams street?"
"Yes."
"Did you ever work for the Woodward Lumber company?"
"Yes."
"Did you ever work for the Woodward Lumber company?"
"Yes."
"Why did you leave them, and what was the charge against you?"
Mr. Arnold objected. Judge Roan ruled out the question.
"Are you the Brent who went through the factory with Dr. Billy Owen?"
"Yes."
PLAYED CONLEY'S PART.
"What part did you play in the drama?"
"That of Jim Conley."
"Come down," said the solicitor.
N. E. Starr, who lives on Washington street, was the next witness. He said he know Kendley, the street car motorman; that he talked to Kendley on a car going out Washington street; that he heard Kendley say Frank was as guilty as a snake, and that if the court did not convict him he would be one of five or seven men to get him. The witness was not cross-examined.
Miss C. S. Haas was the next witness. She testified that two weeks ago, going out Washington street, the trolley car man, Kendley, was a passenger; that she heard him talking about the Frank case. She said he declared that circumstantial evidence was the best evidence to convict on; that 90 percent of the good people of the community, including himself, thought Frank was guilty. The witness said that a young man sitting by him disputed the point, and that Kendley turned to him and said sneeringly, "You work for a Jew." The state objected to Miss Haas' testimony, but Judge Roan ruled that it was admissible.
McCOY's WATCH WAS IN PAWN.
Nathan Sinkovitz, a pawnbroker, was called. He testified that he knows. M. E. McCoy, who testified Friday that he looked at his watch and shortly after that (at noon on April 26) he saw Mary Phagan on Forayth street.
"Has this man pawned his watch with you?" asked Mr. Arnold.
"Yes."
"When did he pawn it?"
"On January 11, 1913."
"Where was it on the 26th of April?"
"I had it."
"When did he pay up the loan on the watch? I want to ask you if it was during the trial."
"On August 16 he handed me a $10 bill."
"Did he have any watch of his own at that time?"
"No, he had to look at a clock in my place to see the watch."
"Did you ever know him to have another watch?"
"No, sir."
"And he's been pawning this one with you for two years, hasn't he?"
"Yes, sir."
On cross-examination, Solicitor Dorsey asked: "What kind of a looking man is Mr. McCoy?"
"He's a tall man."
"You don't claim to state, do you, that that was the only watch he had? That was just the only one he ever pawned to you?"
"That's the only one I ever saw."
The witness was excused. Solicitor Dorsey moved that all of the witness' evidence be stricken from the record, on the ground that McCoy, when he was on the stand, did not testify that he looked at his own watch. Attorney Rosser: "He said my watch.'"
Judge Roan: "We'll let it go in for what it's worth. Mr. Dorsey."
HEARD KNEDLEY ATTACK FRANK.
J. M. Asher was called. He testified that he was on a Washington street car about two weeks ago between 10 minutes to 1 and 5 minutes to 1, and that Kendley attacked Frank. The witness said that he himself was talking to a man sitting beside him on the seat, and that the street car man hiding as a passenger at the time, was sitting across the aisle one seat back; that several people in the car were discussing without invitation and said violently attacked Frank. The witness testified that he was so incensed that he took the number of the street car man and reported him.
Solicitor Dorsey questioned the witness on cross-examination.
"Did the company discharge Kenerly?" he asked.
"I don't know."
"You just went by the number, did you?" asked the solicitor.
Attorney Arnold said: "If there's any doubt about it, call him in."
Kendley then was called in and identified by the witness.
Asher was excused.
He was the last sworn witness of the trial.
When he stepped from the stand, Attorney Arnold addressed the court and said: "Your honor, two or three new matters have come out in the rebuttal that the defendant ought to make a statement about. We ask your permission to let him take the stand again."
Solicitor Dorsey said: "The defendant as no right to make more than one statement."
FRANK BACK ON STAND.
Judge Roan: "I'm going to allow it. Let him confine himself exclusively to the rebuttal, though."
Leo M. Frank, the accused, took the witness chair and again not under oath said:
"In reply to the statement of the Turner boy, I want to say that what he said is absolutely false. Regarding the statement that I talked to Mary Phagan and called her Mary,' witnesses are mistaken. It is not impossible that I did talk to her, but I never saw her by name. The statement made by wo girls that they saw me going into a room with Miss Rebecca Carson is absolutely false. She is a woman of unblemished reputation."
Frank stepped from the stand.
Attorney Arnold announced to the court that the defense had two more girl witnesses from the fourth floor of the pencil factory who would testify that they know of no misconduct on the part of Frank and that his character was good.
Solicitor Dorsey said that this would not be surrebuttal evidence, and he thought it was inadmissible.
Attorney Arnold waived the point.
DEFENSE CLOSED AT 5:15
Attorney Arnold announced, at 5:15 o'clock, that the defense had closed.
After some discussion informally among the lawyers and the court, it was agreed that the arguments will begin Thursday morning.
Judge Roan announced that he would suspend the rule limiting the attorneys to four hours.
Court then adjourned at 5:20 until 9o o'clock Thursday.
Attorney predicted that the probable length of time of each argument would be two hours. That would make a total of eight hours or one days' session. Following the argument's there will be the charge of Judge Roan to the jury.
As the defense closed, Mrs. Lucile Frank began weeping softly.
- Monday, 28th April 1913, J. M. Gantt is Arrested on His Arrival in Marietta; He Visited Factory Saturday, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Police Think Negro Watchman Can Clear Murder Mystery; Four Are Now Under Arrest, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Coroner’s Jury Visits Scene of Murder and Adjourns Without Rendering Verdict, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 “God’s Vengeance Will Strike Brute Who Killed Her,” Says Grandfather of Mary Phagan, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Man Held for Girl’s Murder Avows He Was With Another When Witness Saw Him Last, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Strand of Hair in Machine on Second Floor May Be Clew Left by Mary Phagan, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Thousands Visit Morgue to View Girl’s Body, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th April 1913 Two Maundering Notes Add Mystery to Crime, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Bloody Thumb Print is Found on Door, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Gantt's Release Asked in Habeas Corpus Writ, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 L. M. Frank, Factory Superintendent, Detained By Police, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 State Offers $200 Reward; City Will Follow With $1,000 For Mary Phagans Murderer, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Stepfather Thinks Negro is Murderer, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Three Handwriting Experts Say Negro Wrote the Two Notes Found by Body of Girl, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Where Was Mary Phagan on Saturday Afternoon? The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th April 1913 Witnesses Positive Murdered Girl Was Same Who Created Scene at the Terminal Station on Friday, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Business Men Protest Sensational “Extras”, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Hearing for Gantt at 3 P.M. Wednesday, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Mary Phagan at Home Last Friday, Says Mother, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Negro Watchman Tells Story of Finding Girl’s Body and Questions Fail to Shake Him, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Negro Watchman Wrote Note Found Beside Dead Girl, Experts Declare, After Seeing Franks Handwriting, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Reward of $1,000 is Appropriated by City, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Says He Punched Time Clock on Wrong Number, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th April 1913 Use of Dictaphone on Frank and Negro is Denied by Police, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 1st May 1913 Detectives Eliminate Evidence in Conflict with Theory that Phagan Girl Never Left Factory, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 1st May 1913 Did Murderer Seek to Burn Slain Girls Body, and Did the Watchman Interrupt Him? The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 2nd May 1913 Solicitor Dorsey is Making Independent Probe of Phagan Case, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 3rd May 1913 Detectives Confer With Coroner and Solicitor Dorsey, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 4th May 1913 Girl in Red Dress May Furnish Clue to Phagan Mystery, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 5th May 1913, Coroner’s Inquest Resumed 2:30 p.m., Leo Frank Will Testify, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913, Leo Max Frank’s Complete Story of Where He Was and What He Did on Day of Mary Phagan Murder, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913 Paul Bowen, Held in Houston, Known Here But Left Atlanta in October, Hasn’t Been Back, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913, Pictures of Fifty Girls Found in Search of Bowens Trunk, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 6th May 1913 Story of Paul Bowens Arrest as Told by Associated Press, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 19th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 7th May 1913 Bowen Given Liberty, Makes Full Statement, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 7th May 1913 Fourteen Houston Policemen Fired on Bowen’s Account, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 7th May, 1913, Two New Witnesses in Phagan Mystery to Testify Thursday, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 J. L. Watkins Says He Did Not See Phagan Child on Day of Tragedy, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Lemmie Quinn Grilled by Coroner Paul Donehoo But He Sticks to His Statement, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Miss Daisy Jones Convinces Jury She Was Mistaken for Mary Phagan, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Miss Hattie Hall, Stenographer, Left Pencil Factory at Noon, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Mr. Frank’s Treatment of Girls Unimpeachable, Says Miss Hall, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913, Phagan Inquest in Session; Six Witnesses are Examined Before Adjournment to 2:30 O'Clock, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 8th May 1913 Stains on Shirt Were Not Made While Shirt Was Being Worn, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 21st, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Character Witnesses are Called in the Case by City Detectives [Last Updated On: December 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Coroner Donehoo Points Out the Law to the Jurors [Last Updated On: December 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Detective Harry Scott’s Testimony as Given Before Coroner’s Jury [Last Updated On: December 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Detective John Black Tells the Jury His Views on the Phagan Case [Last Updated On: December 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Here is Testimony of Witnesses Given at the Final Session of Coroner’s Jury in Phagan Case [Last Updated On: December 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Investigation Just Begun Says Detective Lanford [Last Updated On: December 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Newt Lee Tells of the Talk He Had in the Police Station [Last Updated On: December 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 Superintendent Frank is Once More Put on Witness Stand [Last Updated On: December 24th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 9th May 1913 With Two Men Held in Tower, Mystery of Murder Deepens [Last Updated On: December 27th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 10th May 1913 Public Now Knows All Facts in Murder Case, Say Detectives [Last Updated On: December 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 11th May 1913 City Detectives Theory of Phagan Murder Outlined [Last Updated On: December 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 11th May 1913 Grand Jury to Consider Phagan Case This Week [Last Updated On: December 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 12th May 1913 Rumor That Frank Married in Brooklyn Not True, Says Eagle [Last Updated On: December 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 13th May 1913 Solicitor Dorsey is Working New Theory in Phagan Mystery [Last Updated On: December 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 14th May 1913 New Theory Fails to Change Course of Murder Probe [Last Updated On: December 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 15th May 1913 No Phagan Trial Before Last of June Declares Solicitor [Last Updated On: December 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 16th May 1913 Books and Papers in Phagan Case in Grand Jurys Hands [Last Updated On: December 28th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 17th May 1913 Phagan Case Will Go To Grand Jury in Present Form [Last Updated On: January 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 18th May 1913 Phagan Theory is Unchanged After Three Weeks’ Probe [Last Updated On: January 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 19th May 1913 Burns Investigator Outlines His Theory of Phagan Murder [Last Updated On: January 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 20th May 1913 Phagan Case Goes to the Grand Jury in Present Form [Last Updated On: January 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 21st May 1913 Finger Print Expert Works With Dorsey to Solve Mystery [Last Updated On: January 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 22nd May 1913 Phagan Case Will Go to Grand Jury at 10 A. M. Friday [Last Updated On: January 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Col. Felder Confirmed His Offer in a Midnight Conversation by Telephone, Says A. S. Colyar [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Col. Felder Denies Offering $1,000 or Any Other Sum for Affidavit Held by Detectives [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Detective R. S. Ozburn Swears to Phone Talk [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Dictograph Set by Detectives to Trap Col. Thos. B. Felder; Here is the Dictograph Record [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Febuary and Colyar Swear That Felder Offered Big Bribe [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 Here is Coleman Affidavit Which Officers Say Col. Felder Offered to Purchase for the Sum of $1,000 [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 23rd May 1913 How Dictograph Was Installed in Williams House No. 2 to Trap Colonel Thomas B. Felder [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Charlie C. Jones Shown by Dictograph to Have Been Foxy; Detective Miles Talks Freely [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Chief Lanford Replies to Col. T. B. Felder [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Dirty Gang Filled Out Record or Else Fooled Dictograph Mayor Woodward. [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Dorsey Steers Clear of Felder Controversy [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Franks Attorneys Make No Comment [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Graft and Corruption are Charged to City Detectives and Police by Col. T. B. Felder [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Leo M. Frank is Indicted by Grand Jury for Mary Phagans Death; Negro, Newt Lee Held [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Negro Sweeper Tells Officer Frank Asked Him to Write Some Notes Day Before Tragedy [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Newt Lee Will Give Convicting Evidence Attorney Indicates [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 Residents of Bellwood Ask The Journal to Say That Mr. Felder Was Not Employed by Them [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 The Journals Big Story of Dictograph and Alleged Bribe Has Stirred the Whole City [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 24th May 1913 (Evening Edition) We Have Enough Votes if We Get the Evidence, the Mayor is Quoted by the Dictograph (Atlanta Journal, The) [Last Updated On: January 11th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Chief Lanford Calls Felders Charges False [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Citizens Deny Authority for Using Their Names [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Colyar Imputes Arrest to Felder Conspiracy [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Colyar Tells Where He and Col Felder Ought to be for Good of Society [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Felder is the Mouthpiece of the Vice Gang, Declares Chief of Police Jas. L. Beavers [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Here Are Affidavits Submitted by Col. Felder [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Lanford is the Controlling Genius of Conspiracy to Protect the Murderer of Little Mary Phagan [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 State Didnt Show its Case to Secure Indictment Against Superintendent Leo M. Frank [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 Woodward Hoots at the Idea of Plot to Oust Beavers [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 25th May 1913 You Went to Williams House Like a Lamb to the Slaughter, Colyar Tells Felder in Letter [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Five Good Men Say if Charges Are Untrue, Says A. S. Colyar to Col. Felder [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 I Have No Proof of Bribery in Phagan Case, Says Chief [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Thorough Probe of Charges Against Felder and Latters Charges Against Police Asked [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 26th May 1913 Tobie Tried to Kidnap Incubator Baby, Says Topeka Police Official [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 27th May 1913 Col. Felder Ridicules Idea of Grand Jury Investigation of City Detectives Charges [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 27th May 1913 Felder Barely Missed Being Trapped by His Own Dictograph [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 28th May 1913 Carl Hutcheson Again Attacks Chief Beavers [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 28th May 1913 Conley Tells in Detail of Writing Notes on Saturday at Dictation of Mr. Frank [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 A. S. Colyar Released From Bond on Thursday [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 Chief Asks Hutcheson for Protected List [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 Detectives Seek Corroboration of Conleys Story [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 29th May 1913 Former Pencil Worker Outlines His Theory [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 30th May 1913 Conley, Taken to Factory, Shows Where Girl Was Found—How They Put Body in Basement [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 30th May 1913 Conleys Confession is Given in Full [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 31st May 1913 Grand Jury Called to Meet Tuesday in Special Session [Last Updated On: January 22nd, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 1st June 1913 Conleys Statement Analyzed From Two Different Angles [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 1st June 1913 Grand Jury Meeting Remains a Mystery [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 1st June 1913 Lanford Tells Why Conley Was Placed in Police Station [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 2nd June 1913 Franks Defense is Outlined [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 2nd June 1913 Grand Jury Ready to Investigate Charges [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 2nd June 1913 Negro Girl is Arrested in Phagan Murder Case [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 3rd June 1913 Attorney Retained for Negro Servant at Franks Home [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 3rd June 1913 Grand Jury Told of Vice Conditions [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 4th June 1913 Cook Is Released on Signing Paper [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 4th June 1913 Felder Exonerates Beavers, But Says Lanford is Corrupt [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 4th June 1913 L. M. Franks Trial Will Occur Week of June 30 [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 4th June 1913 Sensational Affidavit Made by Minola MKnight, Negro Cook at Home of L. M. Frank [Last Updated On: January 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 Colyar Arrested Again on Knoxville Warrant [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 Grand Jury Probe of Vice Conditions Finished Thursday [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 Lanford and Felder Come Near Fighting [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 My Husband is Innocent, Declares Mrs. Leo M. Frank In First Public Statement [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 5th June 1913 Negros Affidavit Not Given Much Credence [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 6th June 1913 A. S. Colyar Is Again Released From Custody [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 6th June 1913 Conley Sticks to His Story; Declares Detective Chief [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 6th June 1913 Jail Sentence for Woman Convicted in Vice Crusade [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 6th June 1913 Probe of Grand Jury Goes Over One Week [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 7th June 1913 Torture Chamber Methods Charged in Getting Evidence [Last Updated On: January 26th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 8th June 1913 Scathing Replies Made to Letters Attacking Them [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 8th June 1913 Solicitor Makes No Reply to Mrs. Frank [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 8th June 1913 Three Open Letters Given Out Saturday by Thos. B. Felder [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 9th June 1913 Defense to Make Next Move in Phagan Case [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 10th June 1913 Luther Z. Rosser, Attorney for Frank, Trains His Guns on City Detective Chief [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 11th June 1913 Conley’s Status in Phagan Case May Be Changed Wednesday [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 11th June 1913 Gentry Now Says Dictograph Record Was Tampered With [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 11th June 1913 T. B. Felder Accounts for Subscriptions Received [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 12th June 1913 Chief Beavers Unable to Locate Gentry [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 12th June 1913 Courts Order May Result in Meeting of Negro and Frank [Last Updated On: February 1st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 13th June 1913 Luther Z. Rosser Declares Detectives Dare Not Permit Jim Conley to Talk Freely [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 13th June 1913 Solicitor H. M. Dorsey Wins in First Clash; L. Z. Rosser Declares Procedure a Farce [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 14th June 1913 Asks Jury to Resume Probe of Dictograph [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 14th June 1913 Solicitor H. M. Dorsey Leaves for New York [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 15th June 1913 Frank A. Hooper to Aid State in Frank Trial [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 15th June 1913 Gentry, Found by Journal, Says Notes Will Show Enough to Justify What Was Sworn To [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 16th June 1913 Felder Leaves Atlanta on Trip to Cincinnati [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 16th June 1913 Hooper Wants a Rest For Public From Case [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 17th June 1913 Guessers See a Mystery in Dorsey-Hooper Trips [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 18th June 1913 Will Reuben R. Arnold Aid Frank’s Defense? [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 19th June 1913 Hooper Returns and Takes Up Phagan Case [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 20th June 1913 Frank Case May Not Be Tried June 30 [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 21st June 1913 Date of Frank Trial Still In Much Doubt [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 22nd June 1913 Arnold Declares Frank Innocent and Enters Case [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 22nd June 1913 Rosser & Brandon Join With Slaton & Phillips [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 23rd June 1913 Solicitor Will Fix Frank Trial for June 30, He Says [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 24th June 1913 July 28 Is Date Agreed Upon for Trial of Frank [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 25th June 1913 Both Sides Are Ready for Trial of Frank [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 26th June 1913 Call of Cool Sea Breezes and Promise of Judge to His Wife, Secrets of Frank Trial Delay [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 26th June 1913 To Hold Frank Trial in the Old City Hall [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 27th June 1913 Col. Felder and Chief Lanford Indicted [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 27th June 1913 Hooper Sees Conley for the First Time [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 27th June 1913 Seeking For a Phagan Suspect in Macon? [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 28th June 1913 Hooper and Goldstein Join Little & Powell [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 1st July 1913 Facts Do Not Indicate Indictment of Conley [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 3rd July 1913 Police Chief to Probe Vice Protection Charge [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 4th July 1913 Lee’s Attorney Seeks to Gain His Release [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 4th July 1913 Lee’s Lawyer Expects Delay in Frank Case [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 5th July 1913 Fight for Newt Lee’s Freedom is Delayed [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 7th July 1913 Accused Policemen Will Face Commission Tuesday [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 7th July 1913 Young Woman Tells Startling Story of Vice From “Inside” [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 8th July 1913 Girl to Tell Her Story of Vice to Recorder [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 8th July 1913 Newt Lee’s Attorneys Seeking His Freedom [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 9th July 1913 Mary Phagan Pay Envelope Found [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 10th July 1913 Chief Traces Vice Conditions to Men; Promises Arrests [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 10th July 1913 No Finger Prints Found by Expert on Phagan Envelope [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 11th July 1913 Agent Claims Conley Confessed to Murder [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 12th July 1913 Chief Beavers Orders Sleuths to Find Vice [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 12th July 1913 Conley Again Quizzed by Prosecutor Dorsey [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 12th July 1913 More Affidavits to Support Mincey Claimed [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 15th July 1913 Mincey Affidavit Not New to the Solicitor [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 16th July 1913 Second Phagan Indictment Probable [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 17th July 1913 Effort Being Made to Indict Negro Conley [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 18th July 1913 Broyles Comes Back at Mayor Woodward and Mayor at Him [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 18th July 1913 Grand Jury Is Called Monday to Indict Jim Conley [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 18th July 1913 Pinkertons Now Declare Leo M. Frank Is Innocent [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 19th July 1913 Jury Is Determined to Consider a Bill Against Jim Conley [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 20th July 1913 Dorsey Is Seeking to Be Grand Jury And Solicitor Too, Say Frank’s Counsel [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 21st July 1913 Will Not Indict Jim Conley Now, Jury’s Decision [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 22nd July 1913 Was Mary Phagan Killed With Bludgeon? [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 23rd July 1913 Fight Expected Over Effort to Defer Frank Case [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 24th July 1913 Frank’s Trial May be Postponed Until Early in the Fall [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 25th July 1913 Frank Will Likely Face Trial Monday for Phagan Crime [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 26th July 1913 Leo Frank Expects Acquittal and Asks an Immediate Trial [Last Updated On: February 21st, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Chronological Story of Developments in the Mary Phagan Murder Mystery [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Frank’s Story of His Moves on Day of Crime [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Here is Conley’s Confession Around Which Bitter Fight is Expected in the Frank Trial [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Leo M. Frank Will Go to Trial Monday, It Is Now Believed [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Pinkerton Detective Replies to Lanford [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 Plennie Minor Faces Task in Handling Court Room During Trial of Leo Frank [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 27th July 1913 State Will Build Case Against Frank Around Conley’s Story; Defense Will Undertake to Show that Negro Alone is Guilty [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 Court Scenes at Frank Trial; How It Looks Inside and Out [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 Former Suspect Will Be Happy No Matter How Frank Case Ends [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 Mrs. Leo Frank and Her Mother Cheer Prisoner at Courthouse [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 No New Testimony Will Be Given to Jury by Newt Lee [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 State Opens Its Case Against Leo M. Frank [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 28th July 1913 Woman Charges Police Forced Her to Make False Statement [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Everybody’s a Reporter, Now, Else an Old Time Friend, Says Guardian of Court House Door [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Factory Girls Eager to Testify for Frank [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Frank Trial Will Last One Week And Probably Two, Attorneys Say [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Frank’s Undisturbed Face Wonder of the Court Room [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Frequent Clashes Over Testimony Mark Second Day of Frank Trial [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Lawyers Hammer Lee for Two Hours at Monday Afternoon Session [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Mincey in Atlanta, But Has Not Been to Trial [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Mother’s Sorrow and Newsie’s Wit Play on Emotions at Frank Trial [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Rabbi Marx Asserts His Belief in Frank [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 29th July 1913 Spectators at Frank Trial Make an Absorbing Study [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 All Newt Wants Now is Freedom and a Hat [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Claims Mincey, When Needed, Will Testify [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Defense to Claim Strands of Hair Found Were Not Mary Phagan’s [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Frank Jurors Idle Away Long Hours With Song [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Gantt Still Wears Two Little Devils That Caused Arrest [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 No Shirt-Sleeves for Lawyers in Frank Case [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Trial is No Ordeal for Me, Says Frank’s Mother [Last Updated On: March 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Trial Thus Far Has Only Established Murder of the Girl [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 30th July 1913 Uncle of Frank, Near Death in Far-Off Hospital, Is Ignorant Of Charges, Against His Nephew [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 Machinist Tells of Finding Blood, Hair and Pay Envelope On Second Floor, Where State Claims Girl Was Murdered [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 Rosser Riddles One of the State’s Chief Witnesses [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 31st July 1913 Witnesses of Frank Trial Have Tedious Job of Merely Waiting [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Frank Trial Crowd Sees Auto Knock Down Youth [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Lawyers Battle Over Testimony of Frank’s Nervousness; Witness Swears Negro Was in Factory About 1 o’Clock [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Mrs. Callie Scott Appelbaum Attends Trial of Leo Frank; Believes in His Innocence [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Picnic and Theories Mark Noon Hour in Frank Trial Court Room [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 1st August 1913 Watchman Swears Elevator Was Open; Changes Evidence [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Defense Claims Members of Jury Saw Newspaper Headline [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Dr. Harris Collapses on Stand as He Gives Sensational Evidence [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Dr. J. W. Hurt, Coroner’s Physician, Gives Expert Testimony [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Harris Testimony May Be Stricken by Court [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Miss Smith Declares Darley Was Incorrect [Last Updated On: March 14th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Newt Lee Gets Hat; Now He’s Considering What He Wants Next [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 Smile, Says Gheesling, When Facing Bear-Cat Like Luther Rosser [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 2nd August 1913 There Is One Joy in Being A Juror: Collectors Barred [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 3rd August 1913 Defense Will Introduce Witnesses [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 3rd August 1913 State’s Case Against Frank As It Stands After Week’s Testimony Is Shown Here [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Conley Thought He Was on Trial, His Attorney Declares [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Conleys Glibness May Prove Unfortunate for His Testimony [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Jim Conley Tells An Amazing Story [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 4th August 1913 Many Discrepancies Between Conleys Testimony and His Testimony Given to Detectives [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 5th August 1913 Defense Moves to Strike Most Damaging Testimony [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 5th August 1913 Lawyers on Both Sides Satisfied With Conley [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 5th August 1913 Negro Sweeper Remanded to Solitude in Jail Over Night [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 He Shore Goes After You Says Conley of Mr. Rosser [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Judge Roan Reverses Decision on Conley Testimony [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Judge Roan Rules Out Most Damaging Testimony Given By Conley Against Leo Frank [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 6th August 1913 Mincey Ready to Swear to Conley Affidavit [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 7th August 1913 Dr. Harris Testimony is Attacked by Defense Expert [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 7th August 1913 Judge Roan Decides Conleys Testimony Must Stand [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 8th August 1913 Defense Attacks States Case From Many Angles [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 8th August 1913 Defense Begins Introduction of Evidence [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 9th August 1913 Schiff Refutes Jim Conley and Dalton [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 9th August 1913 State Confronts Watchman Holloway With Previous Affidavit [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Conleys Story is Still Center of Fight in Frank Case [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Playing Practical Jokes on Watchful Bailiffs is Pastime of Frank Jurors [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 10th August 1913 Witness Found Who Saw Mary Phagan on Way to Factory [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 11th August 1913 Frank Case Mentioned for First Time in House [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 11th August 1913 Many Experts Called by Defense to Answer Dr. H. F. Harris [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 11th August 1913 Sunday Proves Day of Meditation for Four Frank Jurors [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 12th August 1913 C. B. Daltons Character Shown Up by Frank Defense; Four Witnesses Swear They Would Not Believe His Oath [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, 12th August 1913 Ethics of Dr. H. F. Harris Bitterly Attacked By Reuben Arnold [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 13th August 1913 Franks Character Made Issue by the Defense [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Wednesday, 13th August 1913 Franks Lawyers Again Threaten Move for Mistrial [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 14th August 1913 Court Stirred by Outburst From Leo Franks Mother [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Thursday, 14th August 1913 Franks Story of Before and After Crime Corroborated; Defenses Motion to Strike Sensational Questions Fails [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 15th August 1913 All Georgia Records Broken by the Frank Trial [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Friday, 15th August 1913 Leo M. Frank Ready to Tell His Own Story to Jury [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 16th August 1913 Mrs. Rae Frank Takes Stand in Sons Defense [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 16th August 1913 Pencil Factory Model is Damaged in Fight [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Saturday, 16th August 1913 Witness, Called by Defense, Testifies Against Frank [Last Updated On: March 28th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Sunday, 17th August 1913 Frank Should Know Fate Before The Week Passes Is Opinion Of Attorneys [Last Updated On: December 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Monday, 18th August 1913 Frank Takes Stand - Tells His Story [Last Updated On: December 6th, 2023] [Originally Added On: December 1st, 2023]
- Tuesday, August 19th, 1913: Attorney Swears That Witness Was Held Illegally Witness Swears Dorsey Refused To Free Minola Fearing City Detectives, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 3rd, 2024]
- Wednesday, August 20th, 1913: Testimony May Close Wednesday - Both Sides Are Anxious To Begin Argument And Send Case To The Jury, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 15th, 2023]
- Friday, August 22nd, 1913: In Scathing Terms Rosser Scores Dalton, Dorsey, Police. Dorsey Will Conclude, Summing Up Case Against Leo Frank, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 4th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 26th, 2023]
- Saturday, August 23rd, 1913: Leo Frank Trial Adjourned Until Monday Morning With Solicitor Hugh Dorsey In Midst Of Impassioned Speech. The Atlanta Journal. [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 26th, 2023]
- Sunday, August 24th, 1913: Leo Frank's Fate Will Soon Be Known Dorsey Will Finish His Speech In Few Hours, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 3rd, 2024]
- Monday, August 25th, 1913: Leo M. Frank's Fate Is Now In Hands Of The Jury. Motion For Mistrial Is Denied By Judge Leonard S. Roan, The Atlanta Journal. [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 3rd, 2024]
- Tuesday, August 26th, 1913: Frank Sentenced To Hang On October 10th, 1913, But Fight For New Trial Will Stay The Execution For Many Months. The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 6th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 8th, 2024]
- Wednesday, August 27th, 1913: Frank Will Reply To Dorsey In Long Public Statement, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 8th, 2024]
- Thursday, August 28th, 1913: Despite Death Sentence Frank Sleeps Nine Hours, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 12th, 2024]
- Saturday, August 30th, 1913: Preacher To Speak On The Frank Case, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 8th, 2024]
- Sunday, August 31st, 1913: Monument To Mary Phagan Proposed, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 8th, 2024]
- Tuesday, September 2nd, 1913: Atlanta Free From Crime Wave, Judge Tells Grand Jury, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: September 6th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Tuesday, September 2nd, 1913: Echo Of Leo Frank Trial In Recorder's Court, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2024]
- Wednesday, September 3rd, 1913: Board For [Leo] Frank Jury Will Cost Just $975.06, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: January 17th, 2024]
- Saturday, September 6th, 1913: Mary Phagan Home For Girls Suggested, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: September 6th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2024]
- Sunday, September 7th, 1913: New Pinkerton Chief Arrives In Atlanta, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 24th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2024]
- Monday, September 8th 1913: Trainmen Ask Funds For Phagan Monument, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2024]
- Tuesday, September 9th, 1913: [Jim] Conley Is Indicted On Two Counts By Fulton Grand Jury, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 3rd, 2024]
- Tuesday, 9th September 1913: No Hostility Toward Blease, Says Slaton, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Wednesday, September 10th, 1913: Judge Leonard Strickland Roan, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 10th September 1913: New Atlanta Court Will Shift Judges On Several Benches, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Thursday, September 11th, 1913: Frank's Lawyers Are Hunting For Affidavits, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2024]
- Friday, 12th September 1913: Crawford Jackson Indicted Statement On Case Issues, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Friday, September 12th, 1913: Newt Lee Ignored, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 8th, 2024] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2024]
- Sunday, 14th September 1913: Three Judgeships Announced Judge B. H. Hill Appointed To New Atlanta Judgeship, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Monday, 15th September 1913: Thaw Lawyer Uncle Of Mrs. Leo M. Frank, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Tuesday, 16th September 1913: Veterans Urge Funds For Phagan Monument, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Wednesday, 17th September 1913: Beavers Passes Up Pleas That He Get In Sheriff’s Race, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Thursday, 18th September 1913: Detective John Black Jailed In Birmingham, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Saturday, 20th September 1913: Mary Phagan Case To Be Example For Cops School Of Detection, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Sunday, 21st September 1913: Sheriff Mangum Will Run For Re-election, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Monday, 22nd September 1913: One Of Four Judges Hears Frank Motion?, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Tuesday, 23rd September 1913: Sheriff C. W. Mangum Makes Announcement, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Wednesday, 24th September 1913: Leo M. Frank Again Heads B'nai B'rith, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Sunday, 28th September 1913: Roan Not Likely To Hear Plea For New Frank Trial, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Monday, 29th September 1913: Paul Donehoo Has Been Bridegroom a Week Now, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: August 29th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Tuesday, 30th September 1913: Commission Asks Why Jail Is Overcrowded, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: September 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 23rd, 2024]
- Wednesday, 1st October 1913: Frank Motion Is Served On Solicitor, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Thursday, 2nd October 1913: Solicitor At Work Preparing Answer To Frank Motion, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Saturday, 4th October 1913: Affidavits Attacking Frank Jurors Made Public Two Jurors Prejudiced, Say Affidavits, And Jury Heard Crowds Cheer And Threaten, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Sunday, 5th October 1913: Two Frank Jurors Firm In Denying Outside Pressure, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Monday, 6th October 1913: Judge Ellis Protests Reckless Auto Drivers, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 9th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 7th October 1913: Dorsey And Stephens Busy In Valdosta, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 8th October 1913: Frank Hearing To Be Postponed Another Week, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Thursday, 9th October 1913: Judge Roan Tells Solicitor He Will Postpone Hearing, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Friday, 10th October 1913: Roan Not To Resign Until After Hearing, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Saturday, 11th October 1913: Dorsey And Stephens To Confer With Henslee, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Sunday, 12th October 1913: Says He Stole For His Wife And Baby, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Monday, 13th October 1913: Frank Defense Arms To Back Fight On Henslee, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 14th October 1913: Henslee Gives Dorsey Material For Defense, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 15th October 1913: Further Delay Is Needed On Frank Motion, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Thursday, 16th October 1913: Mounted Traffic Men Are Assigned To Duty, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Friday, 17th October 1913: Juror Johenning Ready For Defense, He Says, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Saturday, 18th October 1913: Frank Hearing Wednesday Motion For A New Trial To Be Heard By Judge L. S. Roan, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Sunday, 19th October 1913: New Feature In Frank Case Perhaps Tomorrow, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Monday, 20th October 1913: J.c. Shirley, Marietta Street Furniture Dealer, Named By I. W. Fisher In Phagan Case, Laughs At Accusations, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 23rd, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 21st October 1913: Motion To Quash Indictment Gets Judges Approval, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 25th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 22nd October 1913: Little Progress In First Session On Frank Trial Motion, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 25th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Thursday, 23rd October 1913: Frank Jurors Like Scared Rabbits Jury Frightened Into Its Verdict, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Friday, 24th October 1913: Frank Motion Is Almost Ready For The Arguments Now, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Saturday, 25th October 1913: Frank Case To Continue Monday, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Sunday, 26th October 1913: We Want A Trial, Not A New Trial, Says Atty. Arnold, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Monday, 27th October 1913: Dorsey Coerced Jury By Fear Of Mob Violence, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 28th October 1913: Solicitor Dorsey Hammers Frank New Trial Motion, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 29th October 1913: Frank New Trial Hearing To End This Afternoon, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Thursday, 30th October 1913: New Trial Motion Of Frank Will Be Ruled On Friday, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Friday, 31st October 1913: Leo Franks Lawyers Prepare For Supreme Court Fight, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: October 7th, 2024] [Originally Added On: October 7th, 2024]
- Saturday, 1st November 1913: Judge Hill Discusses Appellate Court Work, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Sunday, 2nd November 1913: Five Judges For New Municipal Court Selected, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Monday, 3rd November 1913: Judges Of New Court Are Named, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 4th November 1913: Two Negro Highwaymen Given 20 Years In Pen, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 5th November 1913: Bridge Party For Visitors, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Thursday, 6th November 1913: Mrs. Crawford Wants Case To Be Tried Soon, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Friday, 7th November 1913: Attorney Presents Alibi For Convicted Negro, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Saturday, 8th November 1913: Court Asked To Enjoin Georgia Power Company, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Sunday, 9th November 1913: Jim Conley Faces Trial On Tuesday, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Monday, 10th November 1913: Supreme Court Refuses To Postpone Frank Hearing, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 11th November 1913: Jim Conleys Case May Be Reached Wednesday, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 12th November 1913: Frank Arguments Will Be Heard December 15, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Thursday, 13th November 1913: Judge Halts Trial Of Jim Conley As Dorsey Begins It, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Saturday, 15th November 1913: Franks Appeal Is Set For Thirty Days Hence, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Sunday, 16th November 1913: Woman And Daughter Drugged And Robbed, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Monday, 17th November 1913: Franks Appeal Is Set For Thirty Days Hence, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 18th November 1913: Legal Fight Is Waged Over Mothers Will, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 19th November 1913: Frank Trial Unfair, Jewish Rabbi Says In Scathing Speech, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Thursday, 20th November 1913: Conley Trial Put Off At Request Of Dorsey, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Friday, 21st November 1913: Jim Conleys Lawyer Prepares To Demand Trial For His Client, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Saturday, 22nd November 1913: Judge Broyles Explains Why He Fined Woman, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Sunday, 23rd November 1913: Postpone Entertainment For Home For The Blind, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Monday, 24th November 1913: Chief Beavers Is Paid Tribute, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 25th November 1913: Men And Religion Bulletin No. 85, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 26th November 1913: Anti Leaders Quiz Chief On Blind Tiger Policy, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Thursday, 27th November 1913: Old-fashioned Lawyer Has Departed Forever, Judge Pendleton Says, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Friday, 28th November 1913: Beautiful Luncheon, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Saturday, 29th November 1913: Horse Hauls Buggy Right Into Hardware Store After Fodder, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Sunday, 30th November 1913: Tech Hi Boys Admire Atlantas Police Chief, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: November 5th, 2024] [Originally Added On: August 27th, 2024]
- Monday, 1st December 1913: Crawfords Death Not By Poison, Say Doctor Experts, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 3rd December 1913: Capt. West Bound Over And Fined By Broyles, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Friday, 5th December 1913: Photo Of Chiefs Staff Presented To Beavers, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Saturday, 6th December 1913: Frank Papers In Custody Of Court Clerk, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 9th December 1913: Boy Who Posed As Deaf And Dumb And Begged, Is Sent To Jail, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Wednesday, 10th December 1913: Turner Admits He Got $525 From Contractors, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Friday, 12th December 1913: Dorsey Will Argue No Error Of Court Hurt Franks Case, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Saturday, 13th December 1913: Both Sides Ready To Begin Argument In Case Of Frank, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Sunday, 14th December 1913: High Court Ruling Won't End Fight For Life Of Leo M. Frank, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Monday, 15th December 1913: Attorneys Make Final Fight Over Leo Frank S Life, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 16th December 1913: Franks Fate Rests With Higher Court Arguments Closed, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Friday, 19th December 1913: Broyles Seeks Place On Court Of Appeals, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Sunday, 21st December 1913: Judge Pottle To Quit State Court Of Appeals Feb 1, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Monday, 22nd December 1913: No Beer On Christmas Chief To Enforce Law, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 23rd December 1913: No Attack On Dorsey In New Frank Case Brief, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Thursday, 25th December 1913: South Georgia Man To Get Pottles Place, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]
- Tuesday, 30th December 1913: Grand Jury Indicts Near-beer Dealers, The Atlanta Journal [Last Updated On: December 17th, 2024] [Originally Added On: December 17th, 2024]